Method for preparing 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium iodide
Method for preparing 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium iodide, the method resulting in a high purity while being very simple to implement and producing high yields. The method uses phenothiazine as a starting material and includes the following steps: a) treating phenothiazine with diiodine, b) treating the reaction medium directly obtained from step a) with dimethylamine.
1. A process for preparing 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium iodide, the process using phenothiazine as a starting product and comprising the following steps:
a) treating phenothiazine with diiodine in the presence of a solvent, wherein in step a), the solvent is chosen from: an aromatic solvent or acetonitrile, or mixtures thereof; and
b) treating the reaction medium directly resulting from step a) with dimethylamine.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the treatment with diiodine is carried out with an amount of diiodine, relative to the phenothiazine, that is in a range of from 2.5 molar equivalents to 3.5 molar equivalents.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, before step b), the reaction medium resulting from step a) is conditioned at a temperature that is in a range of from 5° C. to 50° C.
4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the treatment with dimethylamine is carried out with at least 7 molar equivalents of dimethylamine relative to the phenothiazine.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in step a), the solvent is chosen from: toluene or acetonitrile, or mixtures thereof.
6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, in step b), the dimethylamine is introduced into the reaction medium in a form of a solution in water.
7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a precipitate forms at the outcome of the treatment of step b), and the precipitate is recovered by filtration.
8. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the phenothiazine used as the starting product has an organic purity greater than or equal to 98% measured by high performance liquid chromatography, with detection at 246 nm.
9. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the phenothiazine used as the starting product comprises less than 20 ppm of metal contaminants.
10. A process for producing a composition comprising 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium iodide, the process comprising the process for preparing the 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium iodide as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in the composition, the 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium iodide represents at least 95% of the composition, and the % is measured by HPLC with detection at 246 nm.
11. A process for producing 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium chloride, the process comprising:
a) producing the 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium iodide according to the process as claimed in claim 1 , and
b) converting the 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium iodide into 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium chloride.
12. A process for producing a composition having a 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium chloride content of greater than or equal to 97% as % of area measured by high performance liquid chromatography with detection at 246 nm, the process comprising producing the 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium chloride according to the process as claimed in claim 11 .
13. A process for producing a composition comprising less than 20 ppm of metal contaminants, measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the process comprising producing the 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium chloride according to the process as claimed in claim 11 .
14. A process for producing a medicament comprising 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium chloride, the process comprising producing the 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium chloride according to the process as claimed in claim 11 , and introducing the 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ylium chloride into a pharmaceutically acceptable medium.
15. The process as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the medicament is intended for the treatment of a pathological condition selected from: a tauopathy, a tau protein aggregation disease, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), methemoglobinemia, a viral infection, a bacterial infection, a parasite infection, malaria, a hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a West Nile virus (WNV) infection, Parkinson's disease (PD), septic shock, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and degenerative diseases of the central nervous system.