Catalyst composite and method for manufacturing the same

1. A catalyst composite comprising:

(i)ruthenium (Ru);

(ii) at least one selected from the group consisting of cerium (Ce), iron (Fe), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), gold (Au), silver (Ag), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and molybdenum (Mo); and

(iii) a nitrogen-containing porous two-dimensional (2D) polymer carrier;

wherein a ratio of the ruthenium to all other metal is a molar ratio of 1:0.01 to 1:0.5; and

wherein the nitrogen-containing porous two-dimensional (2D) polymer carrier comprises six aromatic rings arranged to form a hole and a diameter of the hole is 0.1 nm to 10 nm.

2. The catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the nitrogen-containing porous 2D polymer carrier is a 2D porous organic produced through a cyclization reaction of an amine-based compound; and at least one of a ketone-based compound, an aldehyde-based compound, and a carboxylic acid-based compound, 2D porous carbon nitride, or both thereof.

3. The catalyst composite of claim 2 , wherein the amine-based compound comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of hexaaminobenzene, hexaaminobenzene (HAB) trihydrochloride, triphenylene hexaamine triptycene hexamine, tetraaminobenzene, p-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, aromatic diamine, melamine, adamantanetetraamine, ethylenediamine, pyridinetetramine, 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene, [1,1′-biphenyl]-3,3′,4,4′-tetraamine, naphthalene-tetraamine, 4,4′-oxydianiline, 4,4′-thiodianiline, 4,4′-thiobis(benzene-1,2-diamine), 4,4′-oxybis(benzene-1,2-diamine), pyrenediamine, pyrenetetramine, and 4,4′,4″,4′″-methanetetrayltetraaniline.

4. The catalyst composite of claim 2 , wherein the ketone-based compound comprises at least one of hexaketocyclohexane, hexaketocyclohexane (HKH) octa hydrate, tetraketone, and pyreneteteraketone,

the aldehyde-based compound comprises at least one of benzenedialdehyde and benzenetrialdehyde, and

the carboxylic acid-based compound comprises at least one of benzenedicarboxylic acid, benzenetricarboxylic acid, benzenetetracarboxylic acid, benzenehexacarboxylic acid, pyromellitic dianhydride, mellitic anhydride, cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, perylenetetracarboxylic acid, and naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid.

5. The catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the ruthenium comprises a metal particle having a particle size of 100 nm or less.

6. The catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst composite is a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst.

7. The catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst composite has a catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction in an area of pH 1 to 14.

8. A method of manufacturing a catalyst composite, the method comprising:

obtaining a reaction mixture by mixing a precursor of porous two-dimensional (2D) polymer and a metal precursor in a solvent;

performing a primary reflux on the reaction mixture; and

performing a secondary reflux after adding a reducing agent,

wherein the catalyst composite comprises:

(i) ruthenium (Ru);

(ii) at least one selected from the group consisting of cerium (Ce), iron (Fe), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), gold (Au), silver (Ag), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and molybdenum (Mo); and

(iii) a nitrogen-containing porous two-dimensional (2D) polymer carrier;

wherein a ratio of the ruthenium to all other metal is a molar ratio of 1:0.01 to 1:0.5; and

wherein the nitrogen-containing porous two-dimensional (2D) polymer carrier comprises six aromatic rings arranged to form a hole and a diameter of the hole is 0.1 nm to 10 nm.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the precursor of the porous 2D polymer comprises an amine-based compound; and at least one of a ketone-based compound, an aldehyde-based compound, and a carboxylic acid-based compound.

10. The method of claim 8 , wherein a mixture ratio of the amine-based compound to at least one of a ketone-based compound, an aldehyde-based compound, and a carboxylic acid-based compound is a molar ratio of 1:0.5 to 3.

11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the metal precursor comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogen salt, a phosphate salt, a nitrate salt, a sulfate salt, an ammonium salt, an acetate salt, and a carbonate salt of a metal.

12. The method of claim 8 , wherein a mixture ratio of the precursor of the porous 2D polymer to the metal precursor is a molar ratio of 1:0.01 to 0.5.

13. The method of claim 8 , wherein the reducing agent comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of NaBH 4 , NaAlH 4 , LiBH 4 , LiAlH 4 , hydrazine, KBH 4 , and LiBH 4 .

14. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:

thermally treating a product obtained after performing the secondary reflux.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the thermally treating comprises thermally treating the product in an inert gas atmosphere and at the temperature of 400° C. or more.