Multiphase conductive polymer composite compositions
A composition comprises a ternary-phase polymer composite including components (A) ethylene/unsaturated ester copolymers having γ ρ of from <5 to >1 mN/m; at least two additional polymers selected from the group consisting of: (B) non-polar polymers having γ ρ of from >0 to <1 mN/m selected from the group consisting of polyethylene homopolymers, silane-functionalized polyethylene homopolymers, ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers, and silane-functionalized ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers, (C) ethylene/unsaturated ester copolymers having a γ P of >5 mN/m, and (D) EPDM copolymers; and conductive filler dispersed in only one of (A) and the at least two additional polymers, wherein (i) one of the at least two additional polymers is selected from (B) and the other is selected from (C) or (D), or (ii) one of the at least two additional polymers is selected from (C) and the other is selected from (B) or (D).
1. A composition comprising:
a ternary-phase polymer composite comprising components:
(A) at least one copolymer of ethylene with an unsaturated ester having a polar component of the surface tension (γ P ) of from less than or equal to 5 milliNewtons per meter (mN/m) to greater than or equal to 1 mN/m;
at least two additional polymers selected from the group consisting of:
(B) at least one non-polar polymer having a polar component of the surface tension (γ P ) of from greater than or equal to 0 mN/m to less than 1 mN/m and selected from the group consisting of polyethylene homopolymers, silane-functionalized polyethylene homopolymers, ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers, and silane-functionalized ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers;
(C) at least one copolymer of ethylene with an unsaturated ester having a polar component of the surface tension (γ P ) of greater than 5 mN/m; and
(D) at least one ethylene propylene diene monomer copolymer; and
a conductive filler dispersed in only Component (A),
wherein (i) a first of the at least two additional polymers is selected from (B) and a second of the at least two additional polymers is selected from (C) or (D), or (ii) the first of the at least two additional polymers is selected from (C) and the second of the at least two additional polymers is selected from (B) or (D).
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein Component (A) is selected from the group consisting of ethylene-ethyl acrylate, ethylene-methyl acrylate, ethylene-butyl acrylate and combinations thereof.
3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the conductive filler is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphite, graphene and combinations thereof.
4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the ternary-phase polymer composite comprises
a) Components (A), (B) and (C); or
b) Components (A), (C) and (D); or
c) Components (A), (B) and (D).
5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein Component (B) is present and is selected from the group consisting of a polyethylene homopolymer and a silane-functionalized polyethylene homopolymer.
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein Component (A) is present in an amount of from greater than 0 vol % to less than or equal to 40 vol %, based on the total volume of the composite and
a) Component B is present in an amount of from greater than 0 vol % to less than or equal to 50 vol %, based on the total volume of the composite, or
b) Component C is present in an amount of from greater than 0 vol % to less than or equal to 50 vol %, based on the total volume of the composite, or
c) Component D is present in an amount of from greater than 0 vol % to less than or equal to 50 vol %, based on the total volume of the composite.
7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the ternary-phase polymer composite comprises
a) Components (A), (B) and (C), wherein Component (A) is selected from the group consisting of ethylene-ethyl acrylate, ethylene-methyl acrylate, ethylene-butyl acrylate and combinations thereof, and wherein Component (B) is selected from the group consisting of a polyethylene homopolymer and silane-functionalized polyethylene homopolymer, and wherein Component (C) is an ethylene-vinyl acetate having a polar component of the surface tension (γ P ) of greater than 5 mN/m; or
b) Components (A), (C) and (D), wherein Component (A) is selected from the group consisting of ethylene-ethyl acrylate, ethylene-methyl acrylate, ethylene-butyl acrylate and combinations thereof, and wherein Component (D) is an EPDM terpolymer; or
c) Components (A), (B) and (D), wherein Component (A) is selected from the group consisting of ethylene-ethyl acrylate, ethylene-methyl acrylate, ethylene-butyl acrylate and combinations thereof, and wherein Component (B) is selected from the group consisting of a polyethylene homopolymer and silane-functionalized polyethylene homopolymer, and wherein Component (D) is an EPDM terpolymer.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein each of the at least two additional polymer contain less than or equal to 0.05 vol % of the conductive filler based on the total volume of each respective additional polymer.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein the (C) is different than (A).
10. The composition of claim 9 wherein the composition exhibits no brittle break at room temperature.
11. A cable comprising an semiconducting layer comprising the composition of claim 7 .
12. A cable comprising:
a conductor;
an inner semiconducting layer covering at least a portion of the conductor;
an insulation layer covering at least a portion of the inner semiconducting layer; and
an outer semiconducting layer covering at least a portion of the insulation layer;
wherein at least one of the inner and outer semiconducting layer comprises a ternary-phase polymer composite comprising components
(A) at least one copolymer of ethylene with an unsaturated ester having a polar component of the surface tension (γ P ) of from less than or equal to 5 milliNewtons per meter (mN/m) to greater than or equal to 1 mN/m;
at least two additional polymers selected from the group consisting of:
(B) at least one non-polar polymer having a polar component of the surface tension (γ P ) of from greater than or equal to 0 mN/m to less than 1 mN/m and selected from the group consisting of polyethylene homopolymers, silane-functionalized polyethylene homopolymers, ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers, and silane-functionalized ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers;
(C) at least one copolymer of ethylene with an unsaturated ester having a polar component of the surface tension (γ P ) of greater than 5 mN/m; and
(D) at least one ethylene propylene diene monomer copolymer; and
a conductive filler dispersed in only Component (A)
wherein (i) a first of the at least two additional polymers is selected from (B) and a second of the at least two additional polymers is selected from (C) or (D), or (ii) the first of the at least two additional polymers is selected from (C) and the second of the at least two additional polymers is selected from (B) or (D).
13. A method of conducting electricity, the method comprising applying voltage across the cable of claim 12 .