Packed-bed bioreactor systems and methods of using the same
A packed-bed bioreactor system for culturing cells is provided, the system including a cell culture vessel having at least one interior reservoir, an inlet fluidly connected to the reservoir, and an outlet fluidly connected to the reservoir; and a cell culture matrix disposed in the reservoir. The cell culture matrix includes a structurally defined multi-layered substrate for adhering cells thereto, and each layer of the multi-layered substrate has a physical structure and a porosity that are substantially regular and uniform.
1. A packed-bed bioreactor system for culturing cells, the system comprising:
a cell culture vessel comprising at least one interior reservoir, an inlet fluidly connected to the reservoir, and an outlet fluidly connected to the reservoir; and
a cell culture matrix disposed in the reservoir, the cell culture matrix comprising a structurally defined multi-layered substrate configured for adhering cells thereto,
wherein a plurality of layers in the structurally defined multi-layered substrate are not separated by a spacer material or a physical barrier, and
wherein each layer of the multi-layered substrate comprises a physical structure and a porosity that are in an ordered array that is substantially regular and uniform.
2. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein the cell culture matrix comprises a substantially uniform porosity.
3. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 2 , wherein the cell culture matrix is configured for uniform fluid flow therethrough.
4. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein the reservoir is defined by a length and a width, the length extending from a first end of the reservoir adjacent to the inlet to a second end of the reservoir adjacent to the outlet, the substrate layers each having a width extending substantially across a width of the reservoir.
5. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein the structurally defined multi-layered substrate comprises a plurality of substrate disks stacked in the reservoir.
6. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 5 , wherein the stack of the plurality of substrate disks is configured to exhibit substantially uniform fluid flow across a width of each of the plurality of substrate disks.
7. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 5 , wherein structurally defined multi-layered substrate comprises a plurality of openings defining the porosity, the plurality of openings being arrayed in a regular or uniform pattern in each disk of the plurality of substrate disks.
8. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein the structurally defined multi-layered substrate comprises a woven substrate.
9. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 8 , wherein the structurally defined multi-layered substrate comprises the woven substrate having a plurality of interwoven fibers with surfaces configured for adhering cells thereto, the plurality of interwoven fibers defining a plurality of openings.
10. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein the structurally defined multi-layered substrate comprises at least one of polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polybutadiene, polyvinylchloride, polyethylene oxide, polypyrroles, and polypropylene oxide.
11. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 9 , wherein the cell culture matrix comprises a plurality of woven substrates, each woven substrate having a first side and a second side opposite the first side and separated from the first side by a thickness of the woven substrate.
12. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of woven substrates is arranged in a stack such that one of the first and second side of a substrate is facing the first or second side of an adjacent substrate.
13. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 11 , wherein at least a portion of the plurality of substrates are not separated by a spacer material or barrier, or are in physical contact with each other.
14. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein the inlet and the outlet are configured for at least one of supplying material to or removing material from the at least one reservoir.
15. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 14 , wherein the material comprises at least one of cell culture media, cells, or cell by-products.
16. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 9 , wherein each of the plurality of interwoven fibers comprises a first fiber with a first fiber diameter from about 50 μm to about 1000 μm, from about 50 μm to about 600 μm, from about 50 μm to about 400 μm, from about 100 μm to about 325 μm, or from about 150 μm to about 275 μm.
17. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 7 , wherein each of the plurality of openings comprises an opening diameter of from about 100 μm to about 1000 μm, from about 200 μm to about 900 μm, or from about 225 μm to about 800 μm.
18. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 9 , wherein a ratio of the opening diameter to the fiber diameter is from about 1.0 to about 3.5, from about 1.25 to about 3.25, from about 1.4 to about 3.0, from about 1.5 to about 2.9, from about 1.5 to about 2.4, or from about 2.4 to about 2.9.
19. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 11 , wherein the cell culture matrix is disposed in the bioreactor vessel such that a bulk flow direction of media through the bioreactor vessel is perpendicular to the first and second sides.
20. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 8 , wherein the structurally defined multi-layered substrate comprises a plurality of layers of the woven substrate, the plurality of layers of woven substrate comprising woven meshes of differing geometries, wherein the differing geometries are different in at least one of fiber diameter, opening diameter, or opening geometry.
21. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 20 , wherein the woven meshes of differing geometries are disposed in the bioreactor vessel in a predetermined arrangement based on desired flow characteristics within the bioreactor vessel.
22. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 21 , wherein the desired flow characteristics comprise at least one of uniform perfusion of liquid media across the cell culture matrix, and distribution of cell growth across the cell culture matrix.
23. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , further comprising means for harvesting the adherent cells or cell by-products from the reservoir.
24. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 23 , wherein the cell byproducts comprise at least one of proteins, antibodies, viruses, viral vectors, virus-like particles (VLPs), microvessicles, exosomes, and polysaccharides.
25. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 23 , wherein the bioreactor system exhibits a cell harvest rate of over 90% viable cells.
26. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein the cell culture matrix exhibits a cell culture density of at least 3×10 9 cells/cm 2 .
27. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of substrate layers has a diameter of about 30 mm to about 60 mm.
28. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein the cell culture matrix comprises a cell culture surface area of about 678 cm 2 to 2.5×10 6 cm 2 .
29. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein the cell culture matrix is configured to culture transfected cells at a density capable of producing a viral genome (VG) concentration of at least about 1.74×10 10 VG/cm 2 .
30. The packed-bed bioreactor system of claim 1 , wherein the cell culture matrix exhibits uniform fluid flow across at least 90% of a surface area of the cell culture matrix.