Herbicide formulations and methods
The present embodiments provide formulations for controlling Veronica arvensis growth on turfgrass consisting of (a) a herbicidally effective amount of a combination of imazaquin, prodiamine, and simazine as active ingredients, and (b) at least one agronomically acceptable excipient, wherein said formulation exhibits superior control of V. arvensis compared with any of the active ingredients alone. Also disclosed herein are methods of controlling V. arvensis growth in grass and broadleaf comprising contacting said turfgrass with a herbicidally effective amount of a formulation consisting of (a) a combination of imazaquin, prodiamine, and simazine as active ingredients, and (b) at least one agronomically acceptable excipient, wherein said formulation exhibits superior control of V. arvensis growth.
1. A method of controlling Veronica arvensis growth in turfgrass comprising contacting said turfgrass with a herbicidally effective amount of a formulation consisting of
(a) a combination of imazaquin, prodiamine, and simazine as active ingredients, and
(b) at least one agronomically acceptable excipient,
wherein said formulation exhibits control of V. arvensis growth.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said formulation exhibits superior control of V. arvensis post-emergence as compared with any one of the active ingredients administered alone.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said grass is selected from the group consisting of Bermuda grass, centipedegrass, St. Augustine grass, and Zoysiagrass.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said formulation is capable of controlling V. arvensis growth pre-emergence and post-emergence.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said active ingredients are present in the formulation as follows: about 17.68 wt % prodiamine, about 27.2 wt % simazine, and about 7.65 wt % imazaquin.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said formulation comprises about 1.68 lb/gal of prodiamine, about 2.59 lb/gal of simazine, and about 0.73 lb/gal of imazaquin.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said agronomically acceptable excipient is selected from an adjuvant, surfactant(s), a crop oil concentrate, a flow agent or an anti-caking agent, an emulsifier, an anti-freeze agent (polyethylene glycol), an anti-foaming agent, a dispersant, a biocide, or a thickener.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said crop oil concentrate is added at about 1% v/v.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein said surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant(s) added at about 0.25% v/v.
10. The method of claim 5 , wherein said formulation further comprises about 67 wt % water, about 1 wt % anti-caking agent, about 3 wt % emulsifier, about 5 wt % propylene glycol, about 0.25 wt % anti-foaming agent, about 1.24 wt % dispersant, about 0.1 wt % biocide, and about 0.20 wt % thickener.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the formulation is applied at a rate that ranges from about 34 fluid ounces/acre to about 69 fluid ounces/acre, inclusive.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the application rate of said formulation is selected from the group consisting of about 34 fluid ounces/acre, about 48 fluid ounces/acre, and about 69 fluid ounces/acre.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein said application of said formulation is prior to the emergence of said V. arvensis.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the formulation is wet milled to an average particle size of 4 microns (μ).
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the formulation is applied in a spray volume of about 10-40 gallon/acre, inclusive.