Organic microgel system for 3D printing of silicone structures
An organic microgel system as support material for 3D printing of soft materials such as silicone and methods for manufacturing and using the organic microgel system are disclosed. In some embodiments, the organic microgel system comprises a plurality of microgel particles formed by blending a di-block copolymer and a tri-block copolymer in an organic solvent. The organic microgel system may allow high precision 3D printing of silicone objects with complex shapes.
1. A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional silicone structure, the method comprising:
injecting ink material comprising silicone into a support material and displacing the support material with the ink material, and
curing the silicone while retaining the ink material in the support material,
wherein the ink material is injected in a pattern conforming to the three-dimensional structure,
wherein the support material comprises a jammed microgel comprising self-assembled block copolymer particles swollen with an organic solvent such that the support material is immiscible with the ink material, and
wherein the support material is a Herschel-Bulkley fluid having a yield stress less than 100 Pascals.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein an interfacial tension between the support material and the ink material is less than 30 mN/m.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the interfacial tension is between 0.5 and 20 mN/m.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the interfacial tension is between 0.1 and 5 mN/m.
5. The support material of claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average diameter of between 2-6 μm.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the block-copolymer comprises a network of particles with an average diameter between 0.1 μm and 100 μm.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the support material is a shear thinning material.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the support material has a yield stress of between 1 and 10 Pa.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the support material has an interfacial tension to yield stress ratio of between 1:5 and 1:20 mN/m*Pa.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the block copolymer comprises a di-block copolymer.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the di-block copolymer is styrene ethylene/propylene (SEP).
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the block copolymer comprises a tri-block copolymer.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the tri-block copolymer is styrene ethylene/butylene styrene (SEBS).
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pattern conforming to the three-dimensional structure has a minimum feature size of 140 μm.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pattern conforming to the three-dimensional structure has a minimum feature size of 30 μm.
16. A support material for supporting silicone-based ink in a 3D printing operation, the support material comprising:
a plurality of microgel particles, each of the plurality of microgel particles comprising a crosslinked polymer network, wherein the crosslinked polymer network comprises:
a plurality of tri-block copolymer molecules;
a plurality of di-block copolymer molecules; and
an organic solvent, wherein the plurality of microgel particles are swollen in the organic solvent, and
wherein the support material is a Herschel-Bulkley fluid having a yield stress less than 100 Pascals.
17. The support material of claim 16 , wherein the organic solvent is mineral oil.
18. The support material of claim 16 , wherein each of the tri-block copolymer molecules has a first end, an intermediate section and a second end, wherein the first end and the second end are hydrophilic, and wherein the intermediate section is disposed between the first end and the second end and is hydrophobic.
19. The support material of claim 18 , wherein each of the di-block copolymer molecules has a first end and a second end, and the first end is hydrophobic and the second end is hydrophilic.
20. The support material of claim 19 , wherein the di-block copolymer and tri-block copolymer contain styrene.
21. The support material of claim 17 , wherein the microgel particles have an average diameter of between 2-6 μm.
22. The support material of claim 16 , wherein an interfacial tension between the support material and the silicone-based ink is less than 30 mN/m.
23. The support material of claim 16 , wherein an interfacial tension between the support material and the silicone-based ink is between 0.1 and 5 mN/m.