Nicotine-containing pharmaceutical composition
A composition intended to be employed for therapeutic purposes incorporates a nicotinic compound, a sugar substitute, and a sugar alcohol syrup. Representative forms of nicotine include free base (e.g., as a mixture of nicotine and microcrystalline cellulose), a nicotine salt (e.g., as nicotine bitartrate) or nicotine polacrilex. The composition is useful for treatment of central nervous system conditions, diseases, and disorders, and as a nicotine replacement therapy.
1. A method of preparing a nicotine-containing pharmaceutical composition, comprising:
(i) mixing a non-hygroscopic sugar substitute capable of forming a glassy matrix in an amount of at least about 80% by weight and a sugar alcohol syrup in a melted state to form a mixture;
(ii) cooling the mixture to about 143° C. and incorporating a nicotinic compound into the cooled mixture; and
(iii) further cooling the mixture to room temperature to form a solid nicotine-containing pharmaceutical composition,
wherein the mixture does not comprise a gum component,
wherein the solid nicotine-containing pharmaceutical composition is translucent, and
wherein the incorporating step further comprises incorporating one or more buffering agents into the cooled mixture, wherein the one or more buffering agents are selected from the group consisting of arginine, asparagine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, serine, threonine, valine, cysteic acid, N-glycylglycine, ornithine, and combinations thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the nicotinic compound is in the form of a free base, a salt, a complex, or a solvate.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nicotinic compound is nicotine polacrilex.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nicotinic compound is sorbed onto a porous particulate carrier.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the porous particulate carrier comprises microcrystalline cellulose.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sugar substitute is isomalt.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sugar alcohol syrup is in an amount sufficient to slow recrystallization of the sugar substitute in melted form.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sugar alcohol syrup is maltitol syrup or xylitol syrup.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises at least about 85% by weight of the sugar substitute.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises at least about 4.0% by weight of sugar alcohol syrup.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises at least about 4.5% by weight of sugar alcohol syrup.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is in the form of a lozenge or tablet.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding one or more components selected from the group consisting of flavorants, sweeteners, and NaCl at a temperature of about 143° C. along with the nicotinic compound added in step or at a second temperature below about 143° C. after step ii.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the amount of flavorant is from about 0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the flavorant is vanillin or mint flavor.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the sweetener comprises sucralose.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the amount of NaCl is from about 0.5 to about 1 percent by weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixing step comprises heating the sugar substitute and the sugar alcohol syrup to a temperature above the hard crack stage of the sugar substitute and wherein the about 143° C. of the incorporating step is below the hard crack stage of the sugar substitute.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the hard crack stage is about 145° C. to about 155° C. and the sugar substitute and the sugar alcohol syrup are heated at a temperature between the hard crack stage and about 171° C.
20. A method of preparing a nicotine-containing pharmaceutical composition, comprising:
(i) mixing a first non-hygroscopic sugar alcohol capable of forming a glassy matrix in an amount of at least about 80% by weight and a second sugar alcohol in an amount of at least about 4.5% by weight and up to about 20% by weight in a melted state to form a mixture, wherein the mixture does not comprise a gum component;
(ii) cooling the mixture to about 143° C. and incorporating a nicotinic compound into the cooled mixture, wherein the incorporating step further comprises incorporating one or more buffering agents into the cooled mixture, wherein the one or more buffering agents are selected from the group consisting of arginine, asparagine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, serine, threonine, valine, cysteic acid, N-glycylglycine, ornithine, and combinations thereof; and
(iii) further cooling the mixture to room temperature to form a solid nicotine-containing pharmaceutical composition, wherein the solid nicotine-containing pharmaceutical composition is translucent.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein both the non-hygroscopic sugar alcohol and the second sugar alcohol are selected from the group consisting of erythritol, threitol, arabitol, xylitol, ribotol, mannitol, sorbitol, dulcitol, iditol, isomalt, maltitol, lactitol, polglycitol, and mixtures thereof.
22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the first non-hygroscopic sugar alcohol is isomalt and the second sugar alcohol is maltitol.
23. The method of claim 20 , wherein at least a portion of the nicotinic compound is in the form of a nicotine salt of tartrate.
24. The method of claim 20 , wherein the composition is in the form of a lozenge or tablet.