Mixtures of antibodies
Described herein are antibodies and mixtures of antibodies optionally produced by a host cell line, nucleic acids encoding the antibodies and mixtures of antibodies, host cells containing such nucleic acids, and methods of treatment using the antibodies, mixtures of antibodies, or nucleic acids encoding the antibodies or mixtures of antibodies. Also described are methods of producing mixtures of antibodies in host cells.
1. A mixture of antibodies comprising two and not more than three different major antibody species, which comprises
(a) a first antibody comprising two chains of a first heavy chain (HC1), each having the same first amino acid sequence, and two chains of a first light chain (LC1), each having the same second amino acid sequence, and
(b) a second antibody comprising two chains of a second heavy chain (HC2), each having the same third amino acid sequence, and two chains of a second light chain (LC2), each having the same fourth amino acid sequence,
wherein:
(1) the first and second antibodies are each full-length human and/or humanized IgG antibodies comprising IgG1, IgG2, and/or IgG4 constant domains;
(2) the HC1 and the HC2 have different amino acid sequences, and the LC1 and the LC2 have different amino acid sequences;
(3) the first heavy chain constant domain (CH1) and the light chain constant domain (CL) of the first antibody and/or the second antibody comprise one or more partner-directing alteration(s) that create(s) two pairs of contacting cysteine residues and one charge pair bridging the HC and LC of the first antibody and/or the second antibody, wherein
(A) the one or more partner-directing alteration(s) is (are) in the CH1 domain and the CL domain of the first and/or second antibody or antibodies,
(B) if the first and/or second antibody or antibodies comprise(s) the pairs of contacting cysteine residues and comprise(s) an IgG1 CH1, then the pairs of HC and LC positions, respectively, of the contacting cysteine residues are selected from the group consisting of: positions 170 and 162; positions 170 and 176; positions 173 and 160; and positions 183 and 176,
(C) if the first and/or second antibody comprise(s) the pairs of contacting cysteine residues and comprise(s) an IgG2 CH1, then the pairs of HC and LC positions, respectively, of the contacting cysteine residues are selected from the group consisting of: positions 170 and 162; and positions 173 and 160,
(D) if the first and/or second antibody comprise(s) the pairs of contacting cysteine residues and comprise(s) an IgG4 CH1, then the pairs of HC and LC positions, respectively, of the contacting cysteine residues in the IgG4 antibody or antibodies are selected from the group consisting of: positions 170 and 162; positions 183 and 176; and positions 173 and 162,
(E) if both the first and second antibodies comprise a pair of contacting cysteine residues, then the first and second antibodies do not comprise contacting cysteine residues at the same pairs of positions,
(F) the charge pair is selected from the group consisting of: 147R/K in the CH1 and 131D/E in the CL; 147D/E in the CH1 and 131R/K in the CL; 168D/E in the CH1 and 174R/K in the CL; 168R/K in the CH1 and 174D/E in the CL, and
(G) if both the first and second antibodies comprise a charge pair comprising charged amino acids at the same positions, then: if the first antibody comprises 147R/K in the CH1 and 131D/E in the CL, then the second antibody comprises 147D/E in the CH1 and 131R/K in the CL and vice versa; and if the first antibody comprises 168D/E in the CH1 and 174R/K in the CL, then the second antibody comprises 168R/K in the CH1 and 174D/E in the CL and vice versa,
wherein the numbering system of Kabat et al., is used for the VH and VL domains, and the EU system of Edelman et al. is used for the CL, CH1, hinge, CH2, and CH3 domains.
2. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein
(a) the first antibody is an IgG1 antibody and comprises the pairs of contacting cysteine residues, wherein the first antibody comprises C220G/A/S in the HC and C214S/A/G in the LC; or
(b) the first antibody is an IgG2 or IgG4 antibody and comprises the pairs of contacting cysteine residues, wherein the first antibody comprises the alterations 0131SING in the HC and C214S/A/G in the LC.
3. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the mixture comprises a third major IgG antibody species comprising the HC1, the LC1, the HC2, and the LC2.
4. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein the mixture comprises not more than two major antibody species.
5. The mixture of claim 4 , wherein one of the HC1 or the HC2 comprises the alterations 399R and 409E in its HC, and the other comprises 409R in its HC.
6. The mixture of claim 1 ,
wherein the first antibody comprises the one or more partner-directing alteration(s) of claim 1 (b)(3) and the second does not.
7. The mixture of claim 6 , wherein
(a) the first antibody is an IgG2 antibody and comprises 131S/A/G, 147D/E, 170C, and 173C in its HC and 131K/R, 160C, 162C, and 214S/A/G in its LC, or
(b) the first antibody is an IgG1 antibody and comprises 147D/E, 170C, 173C, 220S/A/G in its HC and 131K/R, 160C, 162C, and 214S/A/G in its LC.
8. The mixture of claim 7 (a), wherein the first antibody comprises 131S, 147D, 170C, and 173C in its HC and 131K, 160C, 162C, and 214S in its LC.
9. The mixture of claim 8 , wherein one of either the first or the second antibody comprises 399R and 409E in its HC, and the other comprises 409R in its HC.
10. The mixture of claim 9 , wherein the first antibody comprises 399R and 409E in its HC, and the second antibody comprises 409R in its HC.
11. The mixture of claim 7 (b), wherein the first antibody comprises 147D, 170C, 173C, 220G in its HC and 131K, 160C, 162C, and 214S in its LC.
12. The mixture of claim 11 , wherein one of either the first or the second antibody comprises 399R and 409E in its HC, and the other comprises 409R in its HC.
13. The mixture of claim 12 , wherein the first antibody comprises 399R and 409E in its HC, and the second antibody comprises 409R in its HC.
14. The mixture of claim 13 , wherein the HC2 is an IgG4 HC and comprises 228P.
15. The mixture of claim 14 , wherein the first antibody binds to human Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Associated 4 (CTLA4) and comprises 255K, and the second antibody binds to human Programmed Cell Death 1 (PD1).
16. The mixture of claim 12 , wherein the first antibody comprises 409R in its HC, and the second antibody comprises 399R and 409E in its HC.
17. The mixture of claim 16 , wherein the first antibody binds to human CD37 and the second antibody binds to human CD20.
18. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein
(a) both the first and second antibodies comprise the one or more partner-directing alteration(s),
(b) the HC1 and the HC2 comprise a charged amino acid at an HC residue at the same position in both the HC1 and the HC2,
(c) the charged amino acid at the HC residue in the HC1 is opposite in charge to the charged amino acid at the HC residue at the same position in the HC2,
(d) the LC1 and the LC2 comprise a charged amino acid at an LC residue at the same position in both the LC1 and the LC2,
(e) the LC residue contacts the HC residue,
(f) the charged amino acid at the LC residue in the LC1 is opposite in charge to the charged amino acid at the LC residue in the LC2, and
(g) the charged amino acid at the LC residue in the LC1 is opposite in charge to the amino acid at the HC residue in the HC1.
19. The mixture of claim 18 , wherein:
both the HC1 and the HC2 comprise charged amino acids at positions 44, 105, 147, and 168; and
both the LC1 and the LC2 comprise charged amino acids at positions 43, 100, 131, and 174.
20. The mixture of claim 18 , wherein one of HC1 or HC2 comprises 399R and 409E, and the other comprises 409R.
21. The mixture of claim 1 , wherein
(a) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human CTLA4 and the other binds to human PD1,
(b) both the first and second antibodies bind to human HER2, but they do not compete for binding to HER2,
(c) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human LAG3 and the other binds to human PD1,
(d) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human GITR and the other binds to human PD1,
(d) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human VEGF and the other binds to human PD1,
(f) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human CSFR1a and the other binds to human PD1,
(g) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human OX40 and the other binds to human PD1,
(h) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human TIGIT and the other binds to human PD1,
(i) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human CTLA4 and the other binds to human PDL1,
(j) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human VEGF and the other binds to human PDL1,
(k) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human OX40 and the other binds to human PDL1,
(l) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human CSFR1a and the other binds to human PDL1,
(m) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human TIGIT and the other binds to human PDL1,
(n) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human Tim3 and the other binds to human PDL1,
(o) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human CTLA4 and the other binds to human VEGF,
(p) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human CTLA4 and the other binds to human 41BB,
(q) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human CD20 and the other binds to human CD37,
(r) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human ANG2 and the other binds to human VEGF,
(s) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human TNF and the other binds to human IL17a,
(t) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human CD38 and the other binds to human CD138,
(u) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human EGFR and the other binds to human HER2,
(v) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human EGFR and the other binds to human HER3,
(w) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human MET and the other binds to human VEGF
(x) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human MET and the other binds to human EGFR,
(y) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human TSLP and the other binds to human IL33,
(z) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human IL4 and the other binds to human IL13,
(aa) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human CSF1R protein and the other binds to a human SIRP-alpha protein,
(bb) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human PD1 protein and the other binds to a human SIRP-alpha protein, or
(cc) one of the first and second antibodies binds to human PD1 and the other binds to human CCR8.