PH-sensitive lipid nanoparticles for encapsulation of anticancer drugs and microRNA and use thereof

1. A pH-sensitive lipid nanoparticle, comprising:

a surface of the lipid nanoparticle; and

a targeting agent inside the lipid nanoparticle,

wherein the surface comprising:

an imine-omPEG, the imine is a pH-sensitive linker;

a PEG-RF peptide, wherein the RF peptide is a potent cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) and has an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1;

a PEG-K peptide, wherein the K peptide is a mitochondria-targeting peptide) and has an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; and

a PEG-H peptide, wherein the H peptide is a cancer specific binding peptide, a nerve/glial antigen 2 (NG2) proteoglycan binding peptide, and has an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3,

wherein the lipid nanoparticle is composed of a lipid, a cationic lipid, a surfactant, or a phospholipid.

2. The lipid nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the lipid is a L-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC), glycerol monostearate (monostearin), glycerol monopalmitate or glycerol monooleate.

3. The lipid nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the cationic lipid is DOTAP, DOTMA, SAINT 2, MC3, or KC2.

4. The lipid nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the phospholipid is DSPE, DPPE, or DOPE.

5. The lipid nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is Poloxamers (Pluronics), Tweens, Spans, Brij, Myrj, cyclodextrin derivative, or chitosan derivative.

6. The lipid nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the targeting agent is selected from the group consisting of a microRNA and a drug.

7. The lipid nanoparticle of claim 6 , wherein the microRNA is selected from the group consisting of hsa-miR-21 inhibitor mimics for has-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, has-miR-136-5p, has-miR-139-5p, has-miR-200c-3p and has-miR-320a.

8. The lipid nanoparticle of claim 6 , wherein the drug is selected from the group consisting of irinotecan, oxaliplatin, epirubicin, doxorubicin, afatinib, and docetaxel.

9. The lipid nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the lipid nanoparticle can be accumulated in a cancer cell in pH 5-7 environment or tumor microenvironment.

10. The lipid nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is colorectal cancer, head cancer and neck cancer, or pancreatic cancer.

11. A pharmaceutical composition comprising:

an effective amount of the pH-sensitive lipid nanoparticle as claim 1 , comprising:

a microRNA-loaded pH-sensitive lipid nanoparticle, wherein the lipid is a mixture of a monoglyceride, the cationic lipid and the surfactant, and the targeting agent is a microRNA; and

a drug-loaded pH-sensitive lipid nanoparticle, wherein the lipid is a lipid bilayer composed of the phospholipid and the targeting agent is an anticancer drug.

12. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 11 , wherein the microRNA is selected from the group consisting of hsa-miR-21 inhibitor, mimics for has-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, has-miR-136-5p, has-miR-139-5p, has-miR-200c-3p and has-miR-320a.

13. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 11 , wherein the anticancer drug is selected from the group consisting of the irinotecan, oxaliplatin, epirubicin, doxorubicin, afatinib, and docetaxel.

14. A method for treating cancer in a subject, comprising:

administering to said subject an effective amount of the pH-sensitive lipid nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the pH-sensitive lipid nanoparticle comprises:

a microRNA-loaded pH-responsive lipid nanoparticle, wherein the lipid is a mixture of a monoglyceride, the cationic lipid, and the surfactant, and the targeting agent is a microRNA; and

a drug-loaded pH-responsive lipid nanoparticle, wherein the lipid is a lipid bilayer composed of a phospholipid, and the targeting agent is an anticancer drug,

wherein the cancer is colorectal cancer or head and neck cancer, the anticancer drug corresponding to the cancer is irinotecan, the microRNA corresponding to the cancer is miR-200.