Hollow fiber membrane for filtration of liquids
The present invention provides an intrinsically anti-microbial hollow fiber membrane for filtration of liquids. The membrane comprises a plurality of porous hollow bilayer membrane fibers wherein the liquid enters from outside of the fiber, passing through the porous membrane into the lumen of the fiber and coming out from the hollow ending of the fiber, wherein this configuration provides a liquid outside-in arrangement and retains the filtrate outside. It means that membrane of the invention has built in characteristics to act against microbes in order to provide the use with a safe liquid free from microbes. The outer side or outer wall of the hollow fibers may be configured to become hydrophobic whereas inner side or inner wall of the hollow fiber membrane may be configured to become hydrophilic to enhance the water permeability to a great extent. The hollow fiber membrane may be configured to give it an intrinsic anti-microbial capability. A device containing above said membrane has also been disclosed.
1. An intrinsically anti-microbial hollow fiber membrane module for filtration of liquids comprising a plurality of porous hollow membrane fibers, wherein the hollow membrane fibers are formed of a polymer or a polymer mix, and an antimicrobial substance selected from zinc, zinc oxide or zinc salt, or the zinc, zinc oxide or the zinc salt in an aqueous or organic solvent, directly embedded into the polymer mix, wherein the hollow membrane fibers comprise antimicrobial hollow membrane fibers,
wherein the fibers comprise: (a) 3% to 25% polyethersulfone, from 5% to 15% polyvinylpyrrolidone, from 0 to 40% polyethylene glycol, and from 40% to 80% N-methyl 3% to 25% polyethersulfone and from 5% to 15% polyvinyl pyrrolidone; or (d) the fibers comprise aqueous lithium chloride solution, polycarbonates, polyamides, and aqueous isopropyl or any combination thereof; wherein the percentages are in weight ratio.
2. The intrinsically anti-microbial hollow fiber membrane module of claim 1 , wherein the polymer or the polymer is selected from the group consisting of thermosetting polymer and thermoplastic polymer.
3. The intrinsically anti-microbial hollow fiber membrane module of claim 1 , wherein the fibers form:
(a) a single layer membrane, the single layer membrane being either hydrophobic or hydrophilic with the antimicrobial substance;
(b) a membrane comprising more than one layer; or
(c) a double layer membrane, the double layer membrane being either hydrophobic or hydrophilic with the antimicrobial substance.
4. The intrinsically anti-microbial hollow fiber membrane module of claim 1 , comprising a hydrophobic layer, wherein the hydrophobic layer:
(a) reduces air trappings and suction pressure requirements;
(b) increases liquid flux; and/or
(c) maintains a capillary action of the liquid through the pores on fiber walls towards the hollow cavity of the fibers and decreases suction pressure or passage pressure or gravitational head requirements.
5. The intrinsically anti-microbial hollow fiber membrane module of claim 1 , wherein the liquid flows with:
(a) outside-in orientation; or
(b) inside-out orientation.
6. The intrinsically anti-microbial hollow fiber membrane module of claim 1 , wherein filtrate particles with a diameter greater than an outer pore diameter of a membrane of the fiber membrane module are retained outside of the membrane module.
7. The intrinsically anti-microbial hollow fiber membrane module of claim 1 , wherein the membrane:
(a) is washable;
(b) comprises fibers having a porosity range from 80% to 90% by volume of fiber wall;
(c) comprises pores ranging from 0.1 nm to 25 nm in diameter; and/or
(d) comprises pores having a diameter ranging from 50 nm to 150 nm for usage under suction.
8. The intrinsically anti-microbial hollow fiber membrane module of claim 1 , wherein:
(a) the antimicrobial substance comprises a liquid mixture of metal oxide, metal salt or metal selected from zinc, zinc oxide or zinc salt;
(b) the antimicrobial substance is embedded and miscible in the polymer or polymer mix;
(c) an embedded polymer or polymer mix is from 2-5% by weight of the fiber.
9. The intrinsically anti-microbial hollow fiber membrane module of claim 1 , wherein:
(a) the polymer or polymer mix absent of an antimicrobial substance is from 95-98% by weight of the fibers; and/or
(b) the antimicrobial substance embedded polymer is polyethersulfone and the polymer or a polymer mix absent of an antimicrobial substance is polyethersulfone, the polymers being provided in a 3% to 97% weight ratio.