Panel and method of producing a panel
The invention relates to a panel for constructing a floor or wall covering. The panel comprises a substantially planar top surface, at least one core layer composed of a composite material which core layer is provided with at least one cavity, and a bottom surface. The panel further comprises at least one pair of opposite edges, said pair of opposite edges preferably comprising complementary coupling parts configured for mutual coupling of adjacent panels.
1. A floor panel, a wall panel, or a ceiling panel, comprising:
at least one core layer comprising a composite material comprising at least 20% by weight of mineral material, the core layer having a top surface and a bottom surface, at least one decorative top layer provided at the top surface of the core layer;
wherein at least part of the bottom surface of the core layer is provided with at least one cavity which extends towards the top surface,
wherein at least part of the bottom surface of the core layer is provided with at least one cavity having a depth and a width, and
wherein at least one cavity has a substantially curvilinear geometric shape in the plane defined by the bottom surface of the core.
2. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein the panel comprises at least one pair of opposing side edges, said pair of opposing side edges comprising complementary coupling parts configured for mutual coupling of adjacent panels.
3. The panel according to claim 1 comprising at least one backing layer attached to the bottom surface of the core layer.
4. The panel according to claim 3 , wherein the backing layer comprises an adhesive layer.
5. The panel according to claim 3 , wherein the backing layer is a balancing layer.
6. The panel according to claim 3 , wherein the backing layer is an acoustic layer.
7. The panel according to claim 3 , wherein the backing layer is substantially free of cavities.
8. The panel according to claim 3 , wherein at least one cavity extends from the core into the backing layer, further wherein at least one cavity has a depth which is at least 20% of the total thickness of the panel.
9. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of at least one cavity is substantially cylindrical, pyramidical and/or conical in shape and is perpendicular to the plane defined by the bottom surface of the core.
10. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein i) the depth of at least one cavity varies over the width and/or length of the cavity and wherein the depth of at least two cavities is different or ii) wherein the depth of at least two cavities is different.
11. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein at least one cavity is filled with sound absorbing material.
12. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein the core layer comprises at least 40% by weight of mineral material, wherein the core layer comprises at least one mineral material selected from the group consisting of: magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, chalk, clay, calcium silicate and/or talc.
13. The panel according to claim 1 comprising at least one binder, wherein the ratio of weight percentages of mineral material relative to said binder is at least 1:1.
14. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein the core layer further comprises at least one additive chosen from the group consisting of: a pigment, an impact modifier, a lubricant, a stabilizer, and a wax.
15. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein the flexibility of the panel in the longitudinal direction is substantially equal to the flexibility of the panel in the lateral direction, wherein the modulus of rigidity of the panel in the longitudinal direction is at least 2500 MPa and/or wherein the modulus of rigidity of the panel in the lateral direction is at least 2500 MPa.
16. The panel according to claim 1 comprising at least one reinforcement layer.
17. The panel according to claim 2 , wherein all edges of the panel are free of cavities.
18. A method for producing a panel, a floor panel, a wall panel, or a ceiling panel according to claim 1 , comprising the steps of:
providing a composite material, a substantially liquid composite material, comprising at least 20% by weight of mineral material,
forming a core layer of said composite material wherein said core layer has a top surface and a bottom surface,
providing at least one cavity in at least part of the bottom surface of the core layer which extends towards the top surface,
enabling hardening and/or curing of the core layer, and
optionally, applying a decorative top layer.
19. The panel according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of the bottom surface of the core layer is provided with a plurality of cavities, wherein the plurality of cavities form a network of interconnected cavities.