Fluorocarbon molecules for high aspect ratio oxide etch
Etching gases are disclosed for plasma etching channel holes, gate trenches, staircase contacts, capacitor holes, contact holes, etc., in Si-containing layers on a substrate and plasma etching methods of using the same. The etching gases are trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene; cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene; hexafluoroisobutene; hexafluorocyclobutane (trans-1,1,2,2,3,4); pentafluorocyclobutane (1,1,2,2,3-); tetrafluorocyclobutane (1,1,2,2-); or hexafluorocyclobutane (cis-1,1,2,2,3,4). The etching gases may provide improved selectivity between the Si-containing layers and mask material, less damage to channel region, a straight vertical profile, and reduced bowing in pattern high aspect ratio structures.
1. A method for fabricating a 3D NAND flash memory having alternating layers of a first etching layer and a second etching layer on a substrate and a hardmask layer on the alternating layers, the method comprising the steps of:
forming a hardmask pattern on the hardmask layer; and
using the hardmask pattern to form apertures in the alternating layers by selectively plasma etching the alternating layers of the first etching layer and the second etching layer versus the hardmask layer in a plasma reaction chamber using a hydrofluorocarbon etching gas selected from the group consisting of hexafluoroisobutene (CAS No. 382-10-5);
pentafluorocyclobutane (1,1,2,2,3-); and tetrafluorocyclobutane (1,1,2,2);
wherein the first etching layer comprises a material different from that of the second etching layer.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing volatile by-products from the chamber, wherein the activated etching gas selectively reacts with the alternating layers to form volatile by-products.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alternating layers comprises a layer of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, poly-Si, silicon oxynitride, silica, SiCOH, or combinations thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first etching layer comprises a silicon oxide layer and the second etching layer comprises a silicon nitride layer, and vice versa.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hardmask layer is composed of carbon and metals.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the alternating layers are selectively plasma etched from the hardmask layer composed of carbon and metals.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrofluorocarbon etching gas is hexafluoroisobutene.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrofluorocarbon etching gas plasma etches the alternating layers of the first etching layer and the second etching layer versus the hardmask layer with a selectivity.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the apertures have an aspect ratio between approximately 10:1 and approximately 100:1.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising introducing an oxidizer into the plasma reaction chamber.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the oxidizer is selected from the group consisting of O 2 , O 3 , CO, CO 2 , NO, N 2 O, NO 2 , and combinations thereof.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the oxidizer comprises approximately 5% v/v to approximately 100% v/v of a total volume of the hydrofluorocarbon etching gas and oxidizer introduced into the plasma reaction chamber.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising introducing an inert gas into the plasma reaction chamber.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the inert gas is He, Ar, Xe, Kr, Ne or combination thereof.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the inert gas comprises approximately 50% v/v to approximately 95% v/v of a total volume of the hydrofluorocarbon etching gas and inert gas introduced into the plasma reaction chamber.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising introducing a second etch gas, wherein the second etch gas is selected from the group consisting of cC 4 F 8 , C 4 F 8 , cC 5 F 8 , C 4 F 6 , CF 4 , CHF 3 , CFH 3 , CH 2 F 2 , COS, CS 2 , CF 3 I, C 2 F 3 I, C 2 F 5 I and SO 2 .
17. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of heating the hydrofluorocarbon etching gas to a temperature that permits the hydrofluorocarbon etching gas to have a sufficient vapor pressure for delivery into the plasma reaction chamber.
18. A method for fabricating a 3D NAND flash memory having alternating layers of a first etching layer and a second etching layer on a substrate and a hardmask layer on the alternating layers, the method comprising the steps of:
forming a hardmask pattern on the hardmask layer; and
using the hardmask pattern to form apertures in the alternating layers by selectively plasma etching the alternating layers of the first etching layer and the second etching layer versus the hardmask layer using an etching gas hexafluoroisobutene,
wherein the first etching layer comprises a material different from that of the second etching layer.