Basket catheter with deflectable spine
A catheter adapted for mapping and/or ablation in the atria has a basket-shaped electrode array with two or more location sensors with a deflectable expander. The catheter comprises a catheter body, a basket electrode assembly at a distal end of the catheter body, and a control handle at a proximal end of the catheter body. The basket electrode assembly has a plurality of electrode-carrying spines and an expander that is adapted for longitudinal movement relative to the catheter body for expanding and collapsing the assembly via a proximal end portion extending past the control handle that can be pushed or pulled by a user. The expander is also adapted for deflection in responsive to an actuator on the control handle that allows a user to control at least one puller wire extending through the catheter body and the expander.
1. A catheter comprising:
an elongated catheter body having proximal and distal ends and at least one lumen therethrough;
an electrode assembly at the distal end of the catheter body, the electrode assembly comprising a generally hollow cylindrical body having proximal and distal ends, the generally hollow cylindrical body comprising:
a proximal stem portion at the proximal end of the generally hollow cylindrical body, the proximal stem portion being attached to the distal end of the catheter body, and
a distal basket portion comprising a plurality of spine supports extending from the proximal stem portion to the distal end of the generally hollow cylindrical body, the plurality of spine supports being formed by removing a plurality of elongated strips from the distal basket portion of the generally hollow cylindrical body, one or more of the plurality of spine supports comprising one or more electrodes;
an expander having proximal and distal ends, the expander defining a longitudinal axis of the electrode assembly, the distal end of the expander being located proximal of the distal end of the electrode assembly, each of the plurality of spine supports having a bowed proximal region extending from the proximal stem portion of the generally hollow cylindrical body and a generally straight distal region terminating in a distal end of the spine support at the distal end of the generally hollow cylindrical body, the generally straight distal region of each spine support being generally coaxial with the expander, and each of the plurality of spine supports being attached at their distal ends to the distal end of the expander;
at least one puller wire that extends through the expander, the puller wire having a distal end anchored in the expander;
a control handle proximal of the catheter body, the control handle having an actuator adapted to move the at least one puller wire,
the electrode assembly having an expanded arrangement when the expander is moved proximally along the longitudinal axis relative to the catheter body and the electrode assembly has a collapsed arrangement when the expander is moved distally along the longitudinal axis relative to the catheter body, and
the expander being configured to deflect in at least one direction when the at least one puller wire is moved by the actuator.
2. The catheter of claim 1 , further comprising at least one location sensor attached to the electrode assembly.
3. The catheter of claim 2 , wherein the at least one location sensor comprises at least one proximal location sensor mounted at or near a proximal end of the electrode assembly, and at least one distal location sensor mounted at or near a distal end of the electrode assembly.
4. The catheter of claim 2 , wherein the at least one location sensor comprises at least one bend sensor.
5. The catheter of claim 4 , wherein the at least one bend sensor is configured to generate signals responsive to a bend radius of the plurality of spine supports.
6. The catheter of claim 5 , wherein the at least one bend sensor comprises at least one piezoelectric sensor configured to generate electrical signals proportional to a force or torque exerted thereon when the catheter bends.
7. The catheter of claim 5 , wherein the at least one bend sensor comprises at least one strain sensor or at least one fiber optic sensor configured to determine a bend radius by measuring a loss and/or a back-reflection of light in an optical fiber.
8. The catheter of claim 1 , further comprising a proximal junction at the distal end of the catheter body, the proximal junction comprising:
a proximal junction tubing having a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end being mounted over the distal end of the catheter body;
a proximal junction ring inside the distal end of the proximal junction tubing, the proximal junction ring having a through-hole; and
a proximal junction tunnel member in the through-hole of the proximal junction ring,
wherein the proximal junction tunnel member has a lumen through which the expander extends and has longitudinal movement.
9. The catheter of claim 8 , wherein the proximal stem portion of the generally hollow cylindrical body is mounted in the proximal junction between the proximal junction ring and the proximal junction tunnel member.
10. The catheter of claim 8 , further comprising a distal junction at the distal end of the expander, the distal junction comprising:
a distal junction outer tubing having a lumen;
a puller wire anchor in the lumen of the distal junction outer tubing; and
a distal junction ring in the lumen of the distal junction outer tubing,
wherein the distal ends of the spine supports are anchored between the distal junction ring and the puller wire anchor.
11. The catheter of claim 10 , further comprising at least one proximal location sensor in the proximal junction and at least one distal location sensor in the distal junction.
12. A catheter comprising:
an elongated catheter body having proximal and distal ends and at least one lumen therethrough, the catheter body defining a longitudinal axis;
an electrode assembly at the distal end of the catheter body, the electrode assembly having proximal and distal ends and comprising a plurality of spines, at least one of the spines carrying one or more electrodes;
an expander having proximal and distal ends, the expander defining a longitudinal axis of the electrode assembly, the distal end of the expander being located proximal of the distal end of the electrode assembly, each of the plurality of spines having a bowed proximal region extending from a proximal end of the spine and a generally straight distal region terminating in a distal end of the spine, the generally straight distal region of each spine being generally coaxial with the expander, and each of the plurality of spines being attached at their proximal ends to the catheter body and at their distal ends to the distal end of the expander;
at least one bend sensor configured to generate signals responsive to a bend radius of the plurality of spines;
at least one puller wire that extends through the expander, the puller wire having a distal end anchored in the expander; and
a control handle proximal of the catheter body, the control handle having an actuator adapted to move the at least one puller wire,
wherein the expander is configured for longitudinal movement relative to the catheter body and for deflection relative to the longitudinal axis.
13. The catheter of claim 12 , wherein the electrode assembly is adapted to assume an expanded configuration in response to longitudinal movement of the expander relative to the catheter body, and to assume an asymmetrical configuration in response to deflection of the expander relative to the longitudinal axis of the catheter body.
14. The catheter of claim 12 , wherein the bowed region of each of the plurality of spines has a degree of curvature that changes similarly in response to longitudinal movement of the expander relative to the catheter body, and that changes differently in response to deflection of the expander relative to the longitudinal axis of the catheter body.
15. The catheter of claim 12 , wherein the at least one bend sensor comprises at least one piezoelectric sensor configured to gencral generate electrical signals proportional to a force or torque exerted thereon when the catheter bends.
16. The catheter of claim 12 , wherein the at least one bend sensor comprises at least one strain sensor or at least one fiber optic sensor configured to determine a bend radius by measuring a loss and/or a back-reflection of light in an optical fiber.
17. The catheter of claim 12 , further comprising a proximal junction at the distal end of the catheter body, the proximal junction comprising:
a proximal junction tubing having a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end being mounted over the distal end of the catheter body;
a proximal junction ring inside the distal end of the proximal junction tubing, the proximal junction ring having a through-hole; and
a proximal junction tunnel member in the through-hole of the proximal junction ring,
wherein the proximal junction tunnel member has a lumen through which the expander extends and has longitudinal movement.
18. The catheter of claim 17 , wherein the proximal ends of the spines are mounted in the proximal junction between the proximal junction ring and the proximal junction tunnel member.
19. The catheter of claim 17 , further comprising a distal junction at the distal end of the expander, the distal junction comprising:
a distal junction outer tubing having a lumen;
a puller wire anchor in the lumen of the distal junction outer tubing; and
a distal junction ring in the lumen of the distal junction outer tubing,
wherein the distal ends of the spines are anchored between the distal junction ring and the puller wire anchor.
20. The catheter of claim 19 , wherein the at least one bend sensor comprises at least one proximal bend sensor in the proximal junction, and at least one distal bend sensor in the distal junction.