Multilayer structure with carbon nanotube heaters
Disclosed is a multilayer structure, comprising: a first heater layer comprising a CNT heater, wherein the CNT heater comprises a composite of carbon nanotubes and silicone; and a second heater layer comprising a PTC heater, wherein the PTC heater comprises a composite of carbon black and polymer; wherein the first heater layer and the second heater layer are first and second respectively in an electrical series; wherein the first heater layer has a negative temperature coefficient with respect to electrical resistivity; and wherein the second heater layer has a positive temperature coefficient with respect to electrical resistivity. Also disclosed is an aircraft component comprising the multilayer structure.
1. A multilayer structure, comprising:
a first heater layer comprising a CNT heater, wherein the CNT heater comprises a composite of carbon nanotubes and silicone; and
a second heater layer comprising a PTC heater, wherein the PTC heater comprises a composite of carbon black and polymer;
wherein the first heater layer and the second heater layer are first and second respectively in an electrical series;
wherein the first heater layer has a negative temperature coefficient with respect to electrical resistivity; and
wherein the second heater layer has a positive temperature coefficient with respect to electrical resistivity.
2. The multilayer structure of claim 1 , further comprising an adhesive layer.
3. The multilayer structure of claim 1 , further comprising greater than or equal to two adhesive layers.
4. The multilayer structure of claim 2 , wherein the adhesive layer comprises a thermal conductor material, an electrical insulator material, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
5. The multilayer structure of claim 1 , further comprising a metal layer.
6. The multilayer structure of claim 5 , wherein the metal layer comprises aluminum, steel, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
7. The multilayer structure of claim 5 , wherein the metal layer is an outer surface of the multilayer structure.
8. The multilayer structure of claim 7 , wherein the metal layer is located closer to the first heater layer than to the second heater layer.
9. The multilayer structure of claim 1 , further comprising a fiber glass layer.
10. The multilayer structure of claim 1 , further comprising greater than or equal to two fiber glass layers.
11. An aircraft component comprising the multilayer structure of claim 1 .
12. The aircraft component of claim 11 , wherein the aircraft component is a wing of the aircraft.