Biodegradable functional polycarbonate nanoparticle carries for delivering molecular cargo

1. A chemical compound, comprising:

a copolymer having a molecular backbone comprising a polyethylene glycol structure, a first polycarbonate structure, and a second polycarbonate structure, wherein the first polycarbonate structure is functionalized with an anionic boronate ester group conjugated with apomorphine, wherein the anionic boronate ester group releases the apomorphine based on a biological trigger such that the anionic boronate ester group retains the apomorphine and inhibits oxidation of the apomorphine in a basic environment and releases the apomorphine in an acidic environment, wherein the second polycarbonate structure is covalently bonded to an amino functional group, and wherein the chemical compound is characterized by a chemical structure:

wherein “m” corresponds to a first integer greater than or equal to 45 and less than or equal to 454;

wherein “x” corresponds to a second integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 50;

wherein “y” corresponds to a third integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 50; and

wherein about 75% of the copolymer is conjugated with the apomorphine.

2. The chemical compound of claim 1 , wherein the chemical compound has a self-assembled particle size of less than or equal to 200 nanometers.

3. The chemical compound of claim 2 , wherein the polyethylene glycol structure has a molecular weight of 10,000 daltons.

4. A chemical compound, comprising:

apomorphine bonded to a copolymer by an acidity-sensitive covalent anionic boronate ester bond, wherein the copolymer comprises a polycarbonate structure functionalized with boronic acid, wherein the acidity-sensitive covalent anionic boronate ester bond releases the apomorphine based on a biological trigger such that the acidity-sensitive covalent anionic boronate ester bond retains the apomorphine and inhibits oxidation of the apomorphine in a basic environment and releases the apomorphine in an acidic environment, wherein the acidity-sensitive covalent anionic boronate ester bond is formed between the boronic acid and a catechol moiety of the apomorphine, and wherein about 75% of the copolymer is conjugated with the apomorphine.

5. The chemical compound of claim 4 , wherein the copolymer further comprises a second polycarbonate structure functionalized with an amino group.

6. The chemical compound of claim 4 , wherein the chemical compound has a structure characterized by a formula:

wherein “m” corresponds to a first integer greater than or equal to 45 and less than or equal to 454; and

wherein “x” corresponds to second integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 100.

7. The chemical compound of claim 1 , wherein the basic environment has a pH value of 7.4, and wherein the acidic environment has a pH value of greater than or equal to 4.0 and less than or equal to 6.8.

8. The chemical compound of claim 1 , wherein the conjugation amount of about 75% is achieved with a loading ratio of the apomorphine to the first polycarbonate structure at a 3:1 ratio for a reaction time of about 5 minutes.

9. The chemical compound of claim 4 , wherein the basic environment has a pH value of 7.4, and wherein the acidic environment has a pH value of greater than or equal to 4.0 and less than or equal to 6.8.

10. The chemical compound of claim 4 , wherein the conjugation amount of about 75% is achieved with a loading ratio of the apomorphine to the copolymer at a 3:1 ratio for a reaction time of about 5 minutes.

11. The chemical compound of claim 4 , wherein the conjugation amount of about 75% is achieved by the presence of a basic organocatalyst.

12. The chemical compound of claim 4 , wherein the conjugation amount of about 75% is achieved by the incorporation of one or more amine groups onto the polycarbonate structure.

13. The chemical compound of claim 4 , wherein the chemical compound has a self-assembled particle size of less than or equal to 200 nanometers.

14. A chemical compound, comprising:

apomorphine bonded to a copolymer by an acidity-sensitive covalent anionic boronate ester bond, wherein the chemical compound has a structure characterized by a formula:

wherein “m” corresponds to a first integer greater than or equal to 45 and less than or equal to 454;

wherein “x” corresponds to second integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 100; and

wherein about 75% of the chemical compound is conjugated with the apomorphine.

15. The chemical compound of claim 14 , wherein the acidity-sensitive covalent anionic boronate ester bond releases the apomorphine based on a biological trigger such that the acidity-sensitive covalent anionic boronate ester bond retains the apomorphine and inhibits oxidation of the apomorphine in a basic environment and releases the therapeutic compound in an acidic environment.

16. The chemical compound of claim 15 , wherein the basic environment has a pH value of 7.4, and wherein the acidic environment has a pH value of greater than or equal to 4.0 and less than or equal to 6.8.

17. A chemical compound, comprising:

apomorphine bonded to a copolymer by an acidity-sensitive covalent anionic boronate ester bond, wherein the chemical compound has a structure characterized by a formula:

wherein “m” corresponds to a first integer greater than or equal to 45 and less than or equal to 454;

wherein “x” corresponds to a second integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 50;

wherein “y” corresponds to a third integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 50; and

wherein about 75% of the chemical compound is conjugated with the apomorphine.