Methods and machine tools for machine-cutting workpieces in plate form or bar form
The disclosure relates to systems and methods for machine-cutting workpieces in plate form or bar form and also to a machine tool, with a laser machining device, and a workpiece support, by which a workpiece to be machined in the laser machining device is received, and with a workpiece moving device, by which the workpiece to be machined is held and moved in relation to the laser machining device, wherein with a machining head a laser beam is directed onto the workpiece to be machined and a clearance or recess is introduced into the workpiece and the clearance is machined with a flow drill and widened to a final size of a borehole.
1. A method for processing a plate-shaped workpiece or rod-shaped workpiece in a processing machine having a laser processing device, the method comprising:
moving at least one of the workpiece and a processing head for a laser beam with respect to one another;
directing the laser beam towards the workpiece using the processing head;
forming a recess in the workpiece using the laser beam, wherein the recess is formed by the laser beam to have at least one of parallel, tapering, and widening wall sections bordering the recess, wherein the recess has at least one of a polygonal contour and a non-round contour; and
widening the recess formed by the laser beam to an enlarged borehole using a flow drill.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the recess introduced into the workpiece by the laser beam comprises a maximum size, and wherein an enveloping circle of the recess is smaller than a final dimension of the borehole formed by the flow drill.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising introducing a thread into the borehole by a thread cutting tool or a thread shaping tool.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adjusting a contour of the recess or a flank pitch of the wall sections bordering the recess, or both, to a topography of the workpiece to be processed.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adjusting a contour of the recess or a flank pitch of the wall sections bordering the recess, or both, to a surface of curvature of the workpiece to be processed.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plate-shaped workpiece is processed in a punching laser processing machine comprising a workpiece support formed as a flatbed.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the rod-shaped workpiece is processed in a laser tube cutting machine comprising a feed-through device supporting the workpiece.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein opposite wall sections of the recess have at least one of a different flank pitch and a different distance to one another in a feed direction along a longitudinal axis of the laser tube cutting machine, than the opposite wall sections of the recess in a rotational direction of the laser tube cutting machine around the longitudinal axis.