Light converting luminescent composite material
Described herein are compositions and methods relating to light converting luminescent Zero-D perovskite composite materials.
1. A composite material, comprising:
Zero-D Perovskite particles encapsulated in a polymer, wherein the material absorbs a first wavelength of light and emits light with a second wavelength, wherein the second wavelength is longer than the first,
wherein the Zero-D Perovskites particles have a size of about 2 nm to about 200 nm and are capped by ligands.
2. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of: polyurethanes, latex rubbers, silicone rubbers, other rubbers, polyvinylchloride (PVC), vinyl polymers, polyesters, polyacrylates, polyamides, biopolymers, polyolefines, thermoplastic elastomers, styrene block copolymers, and polyether block amide.
3. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the Zero-D Perovskite particles are of the formula A 4 BX 6 , wherein A is a monovalent organic cation, an inorganic cation, or mixtures thereof; wherein B is a divalent cation; and X is Cl − , Br − , I − , CH 3 COO − , or mixtures thereof.
4. The composite material of claim 3 , wherein A is Cs + , Rb + , CH 3 NH 3 + , or HC(NH 2 ) 2+.
5. The composite material of claim 3 , wherein B is Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ , or Ge 2+.
6. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein a Zero-D Perovskite formula: A 3 B 2 X 9 , wherein A is a monovalent organic cation, an inorganic cation, or mixtures thereof; B is a trivalent cation; and X is Cl − , Br − , I − , CH 3 COO − or mixtures thereof.
7. The composite material of claim 6 , wherein A is Cs + , Rb + , CH 3 NH 3 + , or HC(NH 2 ) 2 + .
8. The composite material of claim 6 , wherein B is Bi 3+ or Sb 3+ .
9. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein a Zero-D Perovskite formula: A 2 BX 6 , where A is a monovalent organic cation, an inorganic cation, or mixtures thereof; B is a tetravalent cation; and X is Cl − , Br − , I − , CH 3 COO − or mixtures thereof.
10. The composite material of claim 9 , wherein A is Cs + , Rb + , CH 3 NH 3 + , or HC(NH 2 ) 2 + .
11. The composite material of claim 9 , wherein B is Sn 4+ .
12. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the ligands are selected from the group consisting of: long chain carboxylic acids, carboxylates, trioctylphosphines, trioctylphosphine oxides, amines, thiols, sulfates, sulfonates, and phosphates.
13. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the Zero-D Perovskite particles emit light with FWHM of less than 25 nm and PLQY of the composite material is more than 40%.
14. The composite material of claim 1 , further comprising a Rare-Earth activated Phosphor encapsulated in the polymer.
15. The composite material of claim 14 , wherein the Rare-Earth activated Phosphor is selected from the group comprising: oxides, nitrides, oxynitrides, sulfides, oxysulfides, selenides, halides, oxyhalides, silicates, aluminates, fluoride, phosphates, garnets and scheelites containinq cerium, dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, holmium, lanthanum, lutetium, neodymium, praseodymium, promethium, samarium, scandium, terbium, thulium, ytterbium and yttrium.
16. The composite material of claim 1 , further comprising Quantum Dots encapsulated in the polymer.
17. The composite material of claim 16 , wherein the Quantum Dots are selected from the group comprising: CdSe, CdSe/ZnS, CdSe/ZnSe, CdSe/CdS, InP, InP/ZnS, InP/ZnSe, PbS, PbSe, CdTe, CdTe/ZnS, CdTe/CdSe, and ABX 3 (where A is Cs + , Rb + , CH 3 NH 3 + , HC(NH 2 ) 2 + or mixtures thereof, B is Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ , or Ge 2+ , X is Cl − , Br − , I − or mixtures thereof).
18. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the composite material is a thin film.
19. A method of forming a composite material, the method comprising:
encapsulating zero-dimensional perovskite particles in a polymer, wherein the composite material absorbs a first wavelength of light and emits light with a second wavelength, wherein the second wavelength is longer than the first,
wherein the zero-dimensional perovskites particles have a size of about 2 nm to about 200 nm and are capped by ligands.
20. A composite material, comprising:
Zero-D Perovskite particles encapsulated in a polymer, wherein the material absorbs a first wavelength of light and emits light with a second wavelength, wherein the second wavelength is longer than the first; and
Quantum Dots encapsulated in the polymer.