Polymerization process
A process including contacting one or more monomers, at least one catalyst system, and a condensing agent including propane and isobutane under polymerizable conditions to produce a polyolefin polymer is provided.
1. A polymerization process, the process comprising contacting one or more monomers, at least one catalyst system, and a condensing agent under polymerizable conditions including a condensed mode of operation in gas phase polymerization, to produce a polyolefin polymer; wherein the condensing agent comprises at least 20 mol % isobutane and at least 25 mol % propane, and further wherein the sum of isobutane and propane molar concentrations is >50 mol % based upon the total moles of condensing agent.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the production rate of the polyolefin polymer is at least 5% greater than the same process polymerizing with a condensing agent consisting essentially of isopentane.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyolefin density (ASTM D1505) is ≤0.912 g/cm 3 and the space time yield is >14.0 lb/ft 3 /hr (224. kg/m 3 /hr).
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the space time yield is >17.5 lb/ft 3 /hr (280. kg/m 3 /hr).
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the production rate when producing a polyolefin polymer having density ≤0.912 g/cm 3 is ≥80% of the production rate when producing a polyolefin polymer having a density ≥0.918 g/cm 3 , density measured by ASTM D1505.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reactor pressure is from 20 to 29 barg.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reactor pressure is from 20 to 26 barg.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reactor pressure is from 20 to 25 barg.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the condensing agent further comprises at least one additional C 4 -C 8 condensing agent.
10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the at least one additional C 4 -C 8 condensing agent comprises n-butane, n-pentane, isopentane, 2,2-dimethylpropane, n-hexane, isohexane, n-heptane, n-octane, or mixtures thereof.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the condensing agent consists essentially of propane and isobutane.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyolefin polymer is a copolymer of ethylene and C 3 -C 12 alpha-olefin.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyolefin polymer is a copolymer of ethylene and C 4 -C 8 alpha-olefin.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyolefin polymer has a density from 0.905 g/cm 3 to 0.940 g/cm 3 .
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyolefin polymer has a melt index (I 2.16 ) (ASTM D1238-E) from 0.25 dg/min to 50 dg/min.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the at least one catalyst system comprises a Ziegler-Natta, chromium, chromium oxide, AlCl 3 , cobalt, iron, palladium, vanadium, metallocene catalyst, group IV organometallic complex catalyst, or mixtures thereof.