Sensor system for determining an absolute rotational angle of a shaft, method for determining an absolute rotational angle of a shaft, and vehicle having a sensor system

1. A sensor system for determining an absolute steering angle of a steering shaft in a vehicle with a steering angle of more than one revolution, wherein the sensor system comprises:

a main rotor that is connected rotationally synchronously with the steering shaft;

a first auxiliary rotor which is mechanically coupled to the main rotor with a constant and uniform first translation;

a second auxiliary rotor which is mechanically coupled to the main rotor with a constant and uniform second translation different from the first translation;

a first sensor device which is assigned to the first auxiliary rotor and which is used to generate a first sensor signal dependent on a rotation angle of the first auxiliary rotor;

a second sensor device which is assigned to the second auxiliary rotor and which is used to generate a second sensor signal dependent on a rotation angle of the second auxiliary rotor;

a third sensor device which is assigned to the main rotor and which is used for generating a third sensor signal dependent on a relative rotation angle of the main rotor; and

an evaluation device for determining an absolute rotation angle of the main rotor from the sensor signals of the sensor devices,

wherein the third sensor device has a detection range, which is less than 360°,

wherein the absolute rotation angle of the main rotor is determined from the first sensor signal and/or the second sensor signal when the relative rotation angle of the main rotor is outside of the detection range of the third sensor device, and

wherein the absolute rotation angle of the main rotor is determined from the first sensor signal and/or the second sensor signal and further from the third sensor signal when the relative rotation angle of the main rotor is within the detection range of the third sensor device.

2. The sensor system according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor system determines the absolute rotation angle of the main rotor with a first accuracy when the relative rotational angle of the main rotor is outside the detection range of the third sensor device, and with a second, higher accuracy when the relative rotational angle of the main rotor is inside the detection range of the third sensor device.

3. The sensor system according to claim 1 , wherein the third sensor device is arranged relative to the first sensor device or the second sensor device in such a way that at least around a relative zero position of the main rotor, a mutual influence that distorts the sensor signals between the third sensor device and the first sensor device or the second sensor device is avoided, during the generation of the third sensor signal.

4. The sensor system according to claim 3 , wherein an absolute zero position of the main rotor is coincident with the relative zero position of the main rotor.

5. The sensor system according to claim 3 , wherein the detection range of the third sensor device extends around a defined, relative rotation angle of the main rotor, comprising the relative zero position of the main rotor, wherein the detection range extends symmetrically about the defined relative rotation angle of the main rotor.

6. The sensor system according to claim 5 , wherein the detection range of the third sensor device extends over a rotation angle range of 180°, from +90° to −90° of the relative rotation angle of the main rotor.

7. The sensor system according to claim 5 , wherein the detection range of the third sensor device is ≤150° and within the rotation angle range of +75° to −75° the relative rotation angle of the main rotor.

8. The sensor system according to claim 1 , wherein in order to generate the third sensor signal, the third sensor device comprises a magnetic sensor, and a magnetic ring segment extending in a circumferential direction, wherein an angular range, through which the magnetic ring segment extends in the circumferential direction, defines the detection range.

9. The sensor system according to claim 8 , wherein the magnetic sensor is arranged to be stationary in the sensor system and the magnetic ring segment is fixed to the main rotor, wherein components of the third sensor device, the magnetic sensor and the magnetic ring segment, are arranged within the sensor system in such a way that the third sensor signal is generated when the relative rotation angle of the main rotor is within the detection range of the third sensor device and no third sensor signal is generated when the relative rotation angle of the main rotor is outside of the detection range of the third sensor device.

10. The sensor system according to claim 8 , wherein the magnetic ring segment is composed of a plurality of pole pairs concatenated in the circumferential direction, wherein the pole pairs are concatenated in such a way that the magnetic ring segment has north poles and south poles arranged alternately next to each other.

11. The sensor system according to claim 10 , wherein all pole pairs extend in the circumferential direction over an equal pole-pair angular range, wherein the pole-pair angular range corresponds to double the accuracy with which the absolute rotation angle is determined from the first sensor signal and the second sensor signal.

12. The sensor system according to claim 8 , wherein the magnetic sensor of the third sensor device is arranged in the sensor system in a fixed position in a region of a relative zero position of the main rotor and the angular range, over which the magnetic ring segment of the third sensor device extends and which defines the detection range, is chosen at least to be small such that any influence that distorts the sensor signals of the first sensor device or the second sensor device due to the magnetic ring segment of the third sensor device or vice versa, at least about the relative zero position of the main rotor, is prevented over the detection range of the third sensor device.

13. A vehicle having the sensor system claim 1 , wherein the main rotor is connected rotationally synchronously to the steering shaft, so that the absolute rotation angle of the main rotor corresponds to the angle of rotation of the steering shaft.

14. A method for calculating an absolute steering angle of a steering shaft with a sensor system in a vehicle with a steering angular range of more than one revolution, wherein a main rotor is connected rotationally synchronously with the steering shaft, the method comprising:

detecting first, second, and third sensor signals generated by first, second, and third sensor devices, respectively, of the sensor system; and

determining the absolute rotation angle of a main rotor from the detected sensor signals,

wherein the third sensor device has a detection range, which is less than 360°, and is used for generating a third sensor signal dependent on a relative rotation angle of the main rotor,

wherein the absolute rotation angle of the main rotor is determined from the first sensor signal and/or the second sensor signal when a relative rotation angle of the main rotor is outside of the detection range of the third sensor device, and

wherein an absolute rotation angle is determined from the first sensor signal and/or the second sensor signal and further from the third sensor signal when the relative rotation angle of the main rotor is within the detection range of the third sensor device.

15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the absolute rotation angle of the main rotor is determined with a first accuracy when the relative rotation angle of the main rotor is outside the detection range of the third sensor device, and with a second, higher accuracy when the relative rotation angle of the main rotor is inside the detection range of the third sensor device.

16. The method according to claim 14 , further comprising:

in addition, performing a plausibility check of the first, second, and third sensor signals wherein the plausibility check comprises:

determining the absolute rotation angle of the main rotor with a first accuracy from the first sensor signal or the second sensor signal,

testing whether the absolute rotation angle of the main rotor is inside or outside of a defined rotation angle range, wherein the defined rotation angle range corresponds in to the detection range,

testing whether or not the third sensor signal has been generated by the third sensor device as a function of the relative rotation angle of the main rotor,

testing whether an error condition exists or not, and

outputting an error condition signal when the error condition exists.

17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the error condition exists when the determined absolute rotation angle of the main rotor is within the detection range of the third sensor device and no third sensor signal has been generated, or when the determined absolute rotation angle of the main rotor is outside of the detection range of the third sensor device and the third sensor signal has been generated.