Systems and methods for merging and compressing compact tori
Systems and methods utilizing successive, axially symmetric acceleration and adiabatic compression stages to heat and accelerate two compact tori towards each other and ultimately collide and compress the compact tori within a central chamber. Alternatively, systems and methods utilizing successive, axially asymmetric acceleration and adiabatic compression stages to heat and accelerate a first compact toroid towards and position within a central chamber and to heat and accelerate a second compact toroid towards the central chamber and ultimately collide and merge the first and second compact toroids and compress the compact merge tori within the central chamber.
1. A system for merging and compressing compact tori plasma comprising
a central chamber,
a pair of diametrically opposed formation sections,
one or more diametrically opposed pairs of acceleration sections, and
one or more diametrically opposed pairs of compression sections interposing the formation sections and acceleration sections adjacent to the formation sections and interposing the central chamber and acceleration sections adjacent to the central chamber,
wherein the system is configured to enable a staged symmetric sequence of compact tori formation, axial acceleration by active magnetic coils about the formation and acceleration sections, passive adiabatic compression of the compact tori within a conically constricting flux conserver of the compression sections, and magnetic compression within the central chamber.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the compression chamber is configured to magnetically compress the compact tori upon collision and merger thereof.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the formation sections, the acceleration sections and the central chamber are cylindrically shaped, the diameter of the acceleration sections being smaller than the diameter of the formation sections and smaller than the preceding acceleration section in a direction from the formation section to the central chamber, and the diameter of the central chamber being smaller than the diameter of the acceleration sections.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the compression sections are trunco-conically shaped with the diameter of the compression section being larger on a first end than on a second end, wherein the second end of each compression section being closer to the central chamber than the first end.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the formation sections, the one or more pairs of compression sections, and the one or more pairs of acceleration sections are axially symmetric.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of active magnetic coils are disposed about and axially along the formation sections, the acceleration sections, and the central chamber.
7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising triggering control and switch systems configured to enable staged symmetric sequence of compact tori formation in the formation sections and axial acceleration in the acceleration sections.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the triggering control and switch systems are further configured to enable magnetic compression of the compact tori by active magnetic coils in a staged sequence following the staged sequence of compact tori formation and axial acceleration by active magnetic coils.
9. The system of claim 7 , wherein the triggering control and switch systems are configured to synchronize the compact tori formation and acceleration in the pair of formation sections and synchronize the compact tori acceleration in the one or more pairs of acceleration sections.
10. The system of claim 8 , wherein the triggering control and switch systems are further configured to synchronize the compression of the compact tori with the compact tori formation and acceleration in the formation section and the compact tori acceleration in the acceleration section.
11. The system of claim 1 wherein the compression sections interpose the central chamber and adjacent acceleration sections.
12. The systems of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of DC magnetic coils disposed about and axially along the central compression chamber and the formation, compression and acceleration sections to form a bias or DC guide field within and extending axially through the central compression chamber and the formation, compression and acceleration sections.
13. The system of claim 1 further comprising a cylindrical shell or liner positioned within the central compression chamber for fast liner compression.
14. The system of claim 1 wherein the compact tori are one of FRC and spheromak starter plasmas.
15. The system of claim 1 wherein the compression sections are formed from conducting material and the central compression chamber and the formation and acceleration sections are formed from non-conducting material.