Tactile feedback actuator, electronic device using same, and method of operating same
The tactile feedback actuator generally has a stopper, a damper, a hammer path between the stopper and the damper, a coil element fixedly mounted relative to the hammer path, and a magnetic hammer guidingly mounted for movement along the hammer path. The magnetic hammer has two opposite ends. Each end of the magnetic hammer has a corresponding permanent magnet. The two permanent magnets have opposing polarities. The magnetic hammer is electromagnetically engageable by a magnetic field emitted upon activation of the coil element so as to be longitudinally slid along the hammer path in any one of two opposite directions depending on a polarity of activation of the coil element. The stopper has a striking surface adapted for stopping the magnetic hammer, and the damper is adapted for decelerating the magnetic hammer as the magnetic hammer is longitudinally slid towards the damper.
1. A tactile feedback actuator having a hammer path extending between a first end and a second end of the hammer path, a first damper at the first end of the hammer path, a second damper at the second end of the hammer path, a coil element fixedly mounted relative to the hammer path, and a magnetic hammer guidingly mounted for movement along the hammer path, the magnetic hammer being electromagnetically engageable by a magnetic field emitted upon activation of the coil element so as to be longitudinally slid along the hammer path in any one of two opposite directions depending on a polarity of activation of the coil element, the first damper being adapted for decelerating the magnetic hammer as the magnetic hammer is longitudinally slid towards the first damper, and the second damper being adapted for decelerating the magnetic hammer as the magnetic hammer is longitudinally slid towards the second damper.
2. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 1 wherein the first damper is a first magnetic dampening assembly including a ferromagnetic element and a damper magnet having a hammer-repulsive pole.
3. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 2 wherein the ferromagnetic element and the damper magnet are arranged in a manner that in the absence of activation of the coil element, the overall forces imparted by the ferromagnetic element and the damper magnet on the magnetic hammer
i) mutually cancel out when a portion of the magnetic hammer is at a rest position along the hammer path,
ii) attract the magnetic hammer when the portion of the magnetic hammer is between the rest position and the second end of the hammer path, and
iii) repulse the magnetic hammer when the portion of the magnetic hammer is between the rest position and the magnetic dampening assembly.
4. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 2 wherein the ferromagnetic element of the magnetic dampening assembly includes an attractor magnet having a hammer-attracting pole.
5. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 4 wherein the attractor magnet of the ferromagnetic element and the damper magnet are spaced apart along the hammer path.
6. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 1 wherein the first damper is a mechanical damper, the mechanical damper including at least one spring, each one of the at least one spring having an end fixed relative the first end of the hammer path, and a second end engaged with the magnetic hammer.
7. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 6 wherein the at least one spring is arranged in a manner that in the absence of activation of the coil element, the overall forces imparted by the at least one spring on the magnetic hammer
i) mutually cancel out when a portion of the magnetic hammer is at a rest position along the hammer path,
ii) attract the magnetic hammer when the portion of the magnetic hammer is between the rest position and the second end of the hammer path, and
iii) repulse the magnetic hammer when the portion of the magnetic hammer is between the rest position and the mechanical damper.
8. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 6 wherein the at least one spring is a spring mount.
9. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 6 wherein the at least one spring is ferromagnetic, the second end of each of the at least one spring being magnetically engaged with an adjacent permanent magnet of the magnetic hammer.
10. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 6 wherein the second end of the at least one spring is mechanically attached to an adjacent permanent magnet of the magnetic hammer.
11. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 1 further comprising a hammer path guide provided along the hammer path, within the coil element and snugly around the magnetic hammer to longitudinally guide the magnetic hammer in either direction along the hammer path.
12. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 1 wherein the first damper exerts a progressively increasing counter-force as the magnetic hammer is moved towards the first damper.
13. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 1 wherein the first damper is a first magnetic dampening assembly and the second damper is a second magnetic dampening assembly.
14. The tactile feedback actuator of claim 1 wherein the magnetic hammer has two opposite ends, each end of the magnetic hammer having a corresponding permanent magnet, the two permanent magnets having opposing polarities.
15. An electronic device comprising a housing and a tactile feedback actuator mounted inside the housing, the tactile feedback actuator having a hammer path extending between a first end and a second end of the hammer path, a first damper at the first end of the hammer path, a second damper at the second end of the hammer path, a coil element fixedly mounted relative to the hammer path, and a magnetic hammer guidingly mounted for movement along the hammer path, the magnetic hammer being electromagnetically engageable by a magnetic field emitted upon activation of the coil element so as to be longitudinally slid along the hammer path in any one of two opposite directions depending on a polarity of activation of the coil element, the first damper being adapted for decelerating the magnetic hammer as the magnetic hammer is longitudinally slid towards the first damper, and the second damper being adapted for decelerating the magnetic hammer as the magnetic hammer is longitudinally slid towards the second damper.
16. The electronic device of claim 15 wherein the magnetic hammer has two opposite ends, each end of the magnetic hammer having a corresponding permanent magnet, the two permanent magnets having opposing polarities.