Three-dimensional display apparatus, three-dimensional display system, head up display, head up display system, three-dimensional display apparatus design method, and mobile object

1. A three-dimensional display apparatus comprising:

a display apparatus

having a display surface including subpixels arranged in a grid in a first direction, and a second direction, and

configured to display a left-eye image and a right-eye image respectively in first subpixels and second subpixels separated by display boundaries passing along boundaries between the subpixels; and

an optical element configured to

selectively transmit at least part of the left-eye image in a direction of an optical path toward a left eye of the user, and

selectively transmit at least part of the right-eye image in a direction of an optical path toward a right eye of the user,

wherein when an arrangement in the first direction of the grid formed by the subpixels is a row and an arrangement in the second direction of the grid is a column,

a first certain number of the first subpixels and of the second subpixels are each successively arranged in each column,

a region in which the first subpixels are arranged and a region in which the second subpixels are arranged are displaced from each other in the second direction by a second certain number between two adjacent columns,

the first certain number is greater than the second certain number and is not a multiple of the second certain number, and

the first certain number and the second certain number are determined based on a pitch in the first direction with which the left-eye image and the right-eye image are displayed.

2. The three-dimensional display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein each of the subpixels is longer in the first direction than in the second direction.

3. The three-dimensional display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the optical element

is located at a certain distance away from the display surface,

includes a light shielding region and a light transmitting region arranged in a slit shape, and

is configured to cause the first subpixels to be visible to the left eye of the user and the second subpixels to be visible to the right eye of the user.

4. The three-dimensional display apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a pitch in the first direction of the light shielding region and the light transmitting region on the display surface viewed by the user is approximately equal to a value obtained by multiplying, by a pitch of the subpixel in the first direction, a quotient obtained by dividing twice the first certain number by the second certain number.

5. The three-dimensional display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the optical element

is a lenticular lens located at a certain distance away from the display surface, and

is configured to cause the first subpixels to be visible to the left eye of the user and the second subpixels to be visible to the right eye of the user.

6. The three-dimensional display apparatus according to claim 1 , comprising

an optical system configured to project image light emitted from the display surface and transmitted through the optical element so as to form a virtual image in a field of view of the user.

7. The three-dimensional display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein

the first direction is corresponding to a direction, in which parallax is provided to eyes of a user, and

the second direction is approximately orthogonal to the first direction.

8. A three-dimensional display system comprising:

a display apparatus having a display surface including subpixels arranged in a grid in a first direction corresponding to a direction in which parallax is provided to eyes of a user and a second direction approximately orthogonal to the first direction, and configured to display a left-eye image and a right-eye image respectively in first subpixels and second subpixels separated by display boundaries passing along boundaries between the subpixels;

an optical element configured to selectively transmit at least part of the left-eye image in a direction of an optical path toward a left eye of the user, and selectively transmit at least part of the right-eye image in a direction of an optical path toward a right eye of the user;

a detection apparatus configured to detect positions of the left eye and the right eye of the user; and

a controller configured to move the display boundaries, based on the positions of the left eye and the right eye of the user detected by the detection apparatus,

wherein when an arrangement in the first direction of the grid formed by the subpixels is a row and an arrangement in the second direction of the grid is a column, a first certain number of the first subpixels and of the second subpixels are each successively arranged in each column, a region in which the first subpixels are arranged and a region in which the second subpixels are arranged are displaced from each other in the second direction by a second certain number between two adjacent columns, and the first certain number is greater than the second certain number and is not a multiple of the second certain number, and

the first certain number and the second certain number are determined based on a pitch in the first direction with which the left-eye image and the right-eye image are displayed.

9. The three-dimensional display system according to claim 8 , wherein

the first direction is corresponding to a direction, in which parallax is provided to eyes of a user, and

the second direction is approximately orthogonal to the first direction.

10. A head up display comprising:

a display apparatus having a display surface including subpixels arranged in a grid in a first direction corresponding to a direction in which parallax is provided to eyes of a user and a second direction approximately orthogonal to the first direction, and configured to display a left-eye image and a right-eye image respectively in first subpixels and second subpixels separated by display boundaries passing along boundaries between the subpixels;

an optical element configured to selectively transmit at least part of the left-eye image in a direction of an optical path toward a left eye of the user, and selectively transmit at least part of the right-eye image in a direction of an optical path toward a right eye of the user;

a detection apparatus configured to detect positions of the left eye and the right eye of the user;

a controller configured to move the display boundaries, based on the positions of the left eye and the right eye of the user detected by the detection apparatus; and

an optical system configured to project image light emitted from the display surface and transmitted through the optical element so as to form a virtual image in a field of view of the user,

wherein when an arrangement in the first direction of the grid formed by the subpixels is a row and an arrangement in the second direction of the grid is a column, a first certain number of the first subpixels and of the second subpixels are each successively arranged in each column, a region in which the first subpixels are arranged and a region in which the second subpixels are arranged are displaced from each other in the second direction by a second certain number between two adjacent columns, and the first certain number is greater than the second certain number and is not a multiple of the second certain number, and

the first certain number and the second certain number are determined based on a pitch in the first direction with which the left-eye image and the right-eye image are displayed.

11. The head up display according to claim 10 , wherein

the first direction is corresponding to a direction, in which parallax is provided to eyes of a user, and

the second direction is approximately orthogonal to the first direction.

12. A three-dimensional display apparatus design method for a three-dimensional display apparatus including: a display apparatus having a display surface including subpixels arranged in a grid in a first direction corresponding to a direction in which parallax is provided to eyes of a user and a second direction approximately orthogonal to the first direction, and configured to display a left-eye image and a right-eye image respectively in first subpixels and second subpixels separated by display boundaries passing along boundaries between the subpixels; and an optical element configured to selectively transmit at least part of the left-eye image in a direction of an optical path toward a left eye of the user, and selectively transmit at least part of the right-eye image in a direction of an optical path toward a right eye of the user, the three-dimensional display apparatus design method comprising:

determining an optimum viewing distance;

determining an image pitch that is a pitch in the first direction with which the left-eye image and the right-eye image are displayed, based on the optimum viewing distance;

determining a first certain number and a second certain number based on the image pitch, the first certain number being greater than the second certain number; and

determining an arrangement method of the first subpixels and the second subpixels and a shape of the optical element based on the first certain number and the second certain number, wherein when an arrangement in the first direction of the grid formed by the subpixels is a row and an arrangement in the second direction of the grid is a column, the first certain number of the first subpixels and of the second subpixels are each successively arranged in each column, and a region in which the first subpixels are arranged and a region in which the second subpixels are arranged are displaced from each other in the second direction by the second certain number between two adjacent columns.

13. The three-dimensional display apparatus design method according to claim 12 , wherein

the first direction is corresponding to a direction, in which parallax is provided to eyes of a user, and

the second direction is approximately orthogonal to the first direction.