Solid-state electrolyte and method of manufacture thereof
A method of manufacturing a solid-state electrolyte including: providing a solvent; dissolving a precursor compound including lithium, a precursor compound including lanthanum, and a precursor compound including zirconium in the solvent to provide a precursor composition, wherein a content of lithium in the precursor composition is greater than a stoichiometric amount; spraying the precursor composition onto a heated substrate to form a film; and heat-treating the film at 300° C. to 800° C. to manufacture the solid state electrolyte, wherein the solid-state electrolyte includes Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 wherein 0≤x≤1, and wherein the solid state electrolyte is in a form a film having a thickness of 5 nanometers to 1000 micrometers.
1. A method of manufacturing a solid-state electrolyte, the method comprising:
dissolving a precursor compound comprising lithium, a precursor compound comprising lanthanum, and a precursor compound comprising zirconium in a solvent comprising a substituted or unsubstituted phthalate to provide a solution of the precursor compound, wherein a content of lithium in the solution of the precursor compound is greater than a stoichiometric amount;
spraying the solution of the precursor compound onto a heated substrate to form a film; and
heat-treating the film at 300° C. to 800° C. to manufacture the solid state electrolyte, wherein
the precursor compound comprising zirconium comprises zirconium nitrate, zirconium carbonate, zirconium oxalate, zirconium peroxide, zirconium acetate, zirconium acetoacetate, or a combination thereof,
the precursor compound comprising lanthanum comprises lanthanum nitrate, lanthanum carbonate, lanthanum oxalate, lanthanum peroxide, lanthanum acetate, lanthanum acetoacetate, or a combination thereof,
the solid-state electrolyte comprises Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 wherein 0≤x≤1, wherein the Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 comprises cubic Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , and a content of the cubic Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 is 50 to 100 weight percent, based on a total weight of the solid state electrolyte, and
wherein the solid state electrolyte is in a form a film having a thickness of 5 nanometers to 1000 micrometers.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent further comprises a substituted or unsubstituted alcohol, a substituted or unsubstituted ester different from the phthalate, a substituted or unsubstituted carbonate, a substituted or unsubstituted ketone, or a combination thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solvent comprises a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alcohol, and the substituted or unsubstituted phthalate, and
wherein the solvent has a boiling point of 0° C. to 350° C.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a content of the compound comprising lithium in the solution of the precursor compound is a stoichiometric excess for the Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 wherein 0≤x≤1.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the stoichiometric excess is 50% to 200%.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dissolving further comprises dissolving an compound comprising aluminum with the compound comprising lithium, the compound comprising lanthanum, and the compound comprising zirconium in the solvent to provide the solution.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid state electrolyte has a thickness of 0.1 to 10 micrometers.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises MgO, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , or a combination thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid state electrolyte has a surface roughness of 0.1 to 50 micrometers.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid state electrolyte comprises the cubic Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , a tetragonal Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , and an amorphous Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , and
wherein a content of the tetragonal Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 is 0 to 50 weight percent, and a content of the amorphous Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 is 0 to 100 weight percent, each based on a total content of the solid-state electrolyte.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid state electrolyte has a porosity of 0 to 10%, when determined by scanning electron microscopy.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heated substrate has a temperature of 300° C. to 800° C.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the precursor compound in the solvent is 0.01 to 1 molar/liter.
14. A method of manufacturing a solid-state electrolyte, the method comprising:
dissolving a precursor compound comprising lithium, a precursor compound comprising lanthanum, and a precursor compound comprising zirconium in a solvent to provide a precursor composition, wherein a content of lithium in the precursor composition is greater than a stoichiometric amount;
spraying the precursor composition onto a heated substrate to form a film; and
heat-treating the film to manufacture the solid state electrolyte,
wherein
the solvent comprises methanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,
the lithium compound comprises lithium nitrate,
the compound comprising lanthanum comprises lanthanum nitrate,
the compound comprising zirconium comprises Zr(C 5 H 7 O 2 ) 4 ,
the dissolving further comprises dissolving aluminum nitrate, and
wherein the heat-treating comprises heat-treating at 750° C. to 850° C. for 30 minutes in oxygen, and
wherein the solid-state electrolyte comprises Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 wherein 0≤x≤1, and the solid state electrolyte is in a form a film having a thickness of 1 to 10 micrometers.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 comprises cubic Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , and wherein a content of the cubic Li (7-x) Al x/3 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 is 50 to 100 weight percent, based on a total weight of the solid state electrolyte.