Mitigation of external fields in piezoelectric sensors
An apparatus ( 22 ) for processing signals from a touch panel ( 10 ) is described. The touch panel ( 10 ) includes a layer of piezoelectric material ( 16 ) disposed between a plurality of sensing electrodes ( 14, 20 ) and at least one common electrode ( 15 ). The apparatus ( 22 ) includes a first circuit ( 23 ) for connection to the plurality of sensing electrodes ( 14, 20 ). The first circuit ( 23 ) is configured to generate a plurality of first pressure signals ( 29 ). Each first pressure signal ( 29 ) corresponds to one or more sensing electrodes ( 14, 20 ) and is indicative of a pressure acting on the touch panel ( 10 ) proximate to the corresponding one or more sensing electrodes ( 14, 20 ). The apparatus also includes a second circuit ( 24 ) for connection to the at least one common electrode ( 15 ). The second circuit ( 24 ) is configured to generate a second pressure signal ( 30 ) indicative of a total pressure applied to the touch panel ( 10 ). The apparatus also includes a controller ( 25 ) configured to determine an estimate of the total pressure based on a weighted difference of the second pressure signal ( 30 ) and a sum over the plurality of first pressure signals ( 29 ).
1. An apparatus for processing signals from a touch panel, the touch panel comprising a layer of piezoelectric material disposed between a plurality of sensing electrodes and at least one common electrode, the apparatus comprising:
a first circuit for connection to the plurality of sensing electrodes and configured to generate a plurality of first pressure signals, wherein each first pressure signal corresponds to one or more sensing electrodes and is indicative of a pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the corresponding one or more sensing electrodes;
a second circuit for connection to the at least one common electrode and configured to generate a second pressure signal indicative of a total pressure applied to the touch panel; and
a controller configured to determine an estimate of the total pressure based on a weighted difference of the second pressure signal and a sum over the plurality of first pressure signals.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to determine a location at which pressure is applied to the touch panel;
wherein a coefficient used for the weighted difference of the second pressure signal and the sum over the plurality of first pressure signals depends upon the location.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the controller determines the estimate of the total pressure using the equation:
F CE =(1− C CE ) Q CE −C CE Q sen
in which F CE is a piezoelectric charge induced on the at least one common electrode, Q CE is a charge measured on the at least one common electrode, Q sen is the sum of charges measured on all of the plurality of sensing electrodes, and C CE is a pre-calibrated constant having a value between zero and unity;
wherein the estimate of the total pressure is based on F CE .
4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to determine, for each of at least one first pressure signal, an estimate of the pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the corresponding one or more sensing electrodes, based on the first pressure signal, the second pressure signal and the total pressure.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the controller is configured to determine a location at which pressure is applied to the touch panel;
wherein one or more coefficients used to determine the estimate of the pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the one or more sensing electrodes depends upon the location.
6. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the touch panel comprises a number N of sensing electrodes, and wherein the controller determines the estimate of the pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the one or more sensing electrodes using the equation:
F
n
=
Q
n
-
k
n
C
CE
(
Q
CE
-
F
CE
)
in which F n is a piezoelectric charge induced on the n th of N sensing electrodes, F CE is a piezoelectric charge induced on the at least one common electrode, Q n is a charge measured on the n th of N sensing electrodes, Q CE is a charge measured on the at least one common electrode, C CE is a pre-calibrated constant having a value between zero and unity, and k n is a pre-calibrated constant corresponding to the n th of N sensing electrodes and having a value between zero and unity;
wherein the estimate of the pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the one or more sensing electrodes is based on one or more corresponding values of F n .
7. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first circuit is configured to generate, for each sensing electrode, a capacitance signal indicative of a capacitance of the sensing electrode;
wherein the controller is configured to determine a location at which pressure is applied to the touch panel based on the capacitance signals.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein generating the first pressure signals and the capacitance signals comprises separating single signals received from the sensing electrodes.
9. A touch panel system comprising:
a touch panel comprising a layer of piezoelectric material disposed between a plurality of sensing electrodes and at least one common electrode; and,
an apparatus for processing signals from the touch panel, the apparatus comprising:
a first circuit for connection to the plurality of sensing electrodes and configured to generate a plurality of first pressure signals, wherein each first pressure signal corresponds to one or more sensing electrodes and is indicative of a pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the corresponding one or more sensing electrodes;
a second circuit for connection to the at least one common electrode and configured to generate a second pressure signal indicative of a total pressure applied to the touch panel; and
a controller configured to determine an estimate of the total pressure based on a weighted difference of the second pressure signal and a sum over the plurality of first pressure signals.
10. An electronic device comprising a touch panel system according to claim 9 .
11. A method of processing signals from a touch panel, the touch panel comprising a layer of piezoelectric material disposed between a plurality of sensing electrodes and at least one common electrode, the method comprising:
generating a plurality of first pressure signals, each first pressure signal based on signals received from one or more sensing electrodes, and each first pressure signal indicative of a pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the corresponding one or more sensing electrodes;
generating, based on signals received from the at least one common electrode, a second pressure signal indicative of a total pressure applied to the touch panel; and
determining an estimate of the total pressure based on a weighted difference of the second pressure signal and a sum over the plurality of first pressure signals.
12. The method according to claim 11 , further comprising determining a location at which pressure is applied to the touch panel;
wherein a coefficient used for the weighted difference of the second pressure signal and the sum over the plurality of first pressure signals depends upon the location.
13. The method according to claim 11 , wherein determining the estimate of the total pressure applied to the touch panel comprises using the equation:
F CE =(1− C CE ) Q CE −C CE Q sen
in which F CE is a piezoelectric charge induced on the at least one common electrode, Q CE is a charge measured on the at least one common electrode, Q sen is the sum of charges measured on all of the plurality of sensing electrodes and C CE is a pre-calibrated constant having a value between zero and unity;
wherein the estimate of the total pressure is based on F CE .
14. The method according to claim 11 , further comprising determining, for each of at least one first pressure signal, an estimate of the pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the corresponding one or more sensing electrodes, based on the first pressure signal, the second pressure signal and the total pressure.
15. The method according to claim 14 , comprising determining a location at which pressure is applied to the touch panel;
wherein one or more coefficients used to determine the estimate of the pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the one or more sensing electrodes depends upon the location.
16. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the touch panel comprises a number N of sensing electrodes, and wherein determining the estimate of the pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the one or more sensing electrodes comprises using the equation:
F
n
=
Q
n
-
k
n
C
CE
(
Q
CE
-
F
CE
)
in which F n is a piezoelectric charge induced on the n th of N sensing electrodes, F CE is a piezoelectric charge induced on the at least one common electrode, Q n is a charge measured on the n th of N sensing electrodes, Q CE is a charge measured on the at least one common electrode, C CE is a pre-calibrated constant having a value between zero and unity, and k n is a pre-calibrated constant corresponding to the n th of N sensing electrodes and having a value between zero and unity;
wherein the estimate of the pressure acting on the touch panel proximate to the one or more sensing electrodes is based on one or more corresponding values of F n .
17. The method according to claim 11 , comprising generating, based on signals received from each sensing electrode, a capacitance signal indicative of a capacitance of the sensing electrode;
the method further comprising determining a location at which pressure is applied to the touch panel based on the capacitance signals.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein generating the first pressure signals and the capacitance signals comprises separating single signals received from the sensing electrodes.