Sensors for detection and quantification of microbiological protein secretion

1. A cell which is genetically modified with respect to its wild type and which comprises a gene sequence coding for a fluorescent protein, wherein expression of the fluorescent protein depends on the amount of protein that is secreted across a cytoplasmic membrane into an extracytosolic space,

wherein the gene sequence coding for the fluorescent protein is under the control of at least one promoter,

wherein the at least one promoter is selected from the group consisting of a cg0706-promoter having SEQ ID NO: 01, a cg0996-promoter having SEQ ID NO: 02, a cg0998-promoter having SEQ ID NO: 03, a cg1325-promoter having SEQ ID NO: 04, a lial-promoter having SEQ ID NO: 09, a mprA-promoter having SEQ ID NO: 13, and variants of any of the above promoters, wherein the variants comprise nucleic acids which are at least 98% identical to SEQ ID NO: 01-04, 09, or 13.

2. The cell according to claim 1 , wherein the cell is a cell of genus Corynebacterium, Escherichia, Bacillus or Mycobacterium.

3. The cell according to claim 1 , wherein the gene sequence coding for the fluorescent protein is under the control of a combination of the cg0996-promoter having SEQ ID NO: 02 or a variant thereof that is at least 98% identical to SEQ ID NO: 02 and (ii) the cg0998-promoter having SEQ ID NO: 03 or a variant thereof that is at least 98% identical to SEQ ID NO: 03, in which the cg0996-promoter or variant thereof is located upstream from the cg0998-promoter or variant thereof.

4. A method for identifying a cell that is characterized by an increased secretion of protein across a cytoplasmic membrane into an extracytosolic space in a cell suspension, comprising the method steps of:

α1) genetically modifying cells to obtain a cell suspension in which the cells differ with respect to an amount of protein that is secreted across a cytoplasmic membrane into an extracytosolic space, wherein each cell is a cell according to claim 1 ;

α2) identifying individual cells in the cell suspension having an increased secretion of protein across the cytoplasmic membrane into the extracytosolic space compared to other cells in the cell suspension.

5. The method according to claim 4 , further comprising the method step of:

α3) separating off of the identified cells from the cell suspension.

6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the separating off is carried out by means of flow cytometry.

7. A method for identifying a cell that is characterized by a high secretion of protein across a cytoplasmic membrane into an extracytosolic space in a cell suspension, comprising the method steps of:

ß1) cultivating different cells in a cell suspension, wherein each cell is a cell according to claim 1 ;

ß2) identifying individual cells in the cell suspension having a high secretion of protein across the cytoplasmic membrane into the extracytosolic space compared to other cells in the cell suspension.

8. A method for identifying a culture medium composition that is optimized for the recombinant production of a protein, comprising the method steps of:

γ1) cultivating cells in different culture media, thereby obtaining a plurality of cell suspensions in which the cells of the cell suspensions, due to the difference in compositions of the culture media, differ from each other with respect to an amount of secretion of protein that is secreted across a cytoplasmic membrane into an extracytosolic space, wherein each cell is a cell according to claim 1 ;

γ2) identifying cell suspensions that comprise cells having a high secretion of protein across the cytoplasmic membrane into the extracytosolic space compared to other cell suspensions.

9. A method for identifying culture conditions that are optimized for the recombinant production of a protein, comprising the method steps of:

δ1) cultivating cells in a plurality of cell suspensions under different culture conditions such that the cells in the different cell suspensions, due to the difference in the culture conditions, differ from each other with respect to an amount of protein that is secreted across a cytoplasmic membrane into an extracytosolic space, wherein each cell is a cell according to claim 1 ;

δ2) identifying cell suspensions that comprise cells having a high secretion of protein across the cytoplasmic membrane into the extracytosolic space compared to other cell suspensions.

10. A method for identifying a compound that is characterized by an antibiotic activity due to its property to damage the membrane of a bacterial cell or to analyze the effect of such a compound on a population of genetically different bacterial cells or genetically identical cells in different physiological states or different growths phases, comprising the method steps of:

ε1) cultivating cells in a cell suspension in the presence of a compound, wherein each cell is a cell according to claim 1 ;

ε2) determining antibiotic activity and concentration-dependent antibiotic activity of the compound by detection of an intracellular fluorescence activity.

11. A method for producing a cell which is genetically modified with respect to its wild type with optimized secretion of protein across a cytoplasmic membrane into an extracytosolic space, comprising the method steps of:

I) genetically modifying cells to obtain a cell suspension in which the cells differ with respect to the amount of protein that is secreted across a cytoplasmic membrane into an extracytosolic space, wherein each cell is a cell according to claim 1 ;

II) identifying individual cells in the cell suspension having an increased secretion of protein across the cytoplasmic membrane into the extracytosolic space compared to other cells in the cell suspension;

III) separating off of the identified cells from the cell suspension;

IV) identifying genetically modified genes G1 to Gn or mutations M1 to Mm in the cells identified and separated off which are responsible for the increased secretion of protein across the cytoplasmic membrane into the extracytosolic space;

V) producing a cell which is genetically modified with respect to its wild type with optimized secretion of protein across the cytoplasmic membrane into the extracytosolic space, of which a genome comprises at least one of the genes G1 to Gn and/or at least one of the mutations MI to Mm.

12. A cell obtained by a method according to claim 11 .

13. A method for producing a protein, comprising the method steps of:

(a) producing a cell which is genetically modified with respect to its wild type with optimized secretion of protein across a cytoplasmic membrane into an extracytosolic space by a method according to claim 11 ;

(b) cultivating the cell in a culture medium comprising nutrients under conditions under which the cell produces protein from the nutrients.

14. A method for identifying a cell suspension comprising cells that are characterized by a high secretion of protein across a cytoplasmic membrane into an extracytosolic space, comprising the method steps of:

ß1) cultivating different cells in a plurality of cell suspensions, wherein each cell is a cell according to claim 1 , and wherein the cell suspensions differ from each other with respect to the amount of protein that is secreted by the cells across the cytoplasmic membrane into the extracytosolic space; and

ß2) identifying individual cell suspensions comprising cells having a high secretion of protein across the cytoplasmic membrane into the extracytosolic space compared to other cell suspensions.