Pressure-sensitive touch panel
An apparatus for combined capacitance and pressure sensing is described. The apparatus includes a multiplexer ( 75 ) having a plurality of inputs ( 76 ) and an output (F), a touch panel ( 29 ), and a front end module ( 3 ). The touch panel includes a layer structure ( 5 ; FIG. 15 ) comprising one or more layers, each extending perpendicularly to a thickness direction, the one or more layers including a layer of piezoelectric material ( 10 ; FIG. 15 ), the layer structure having first ( 6 ) and second ( 7 ; FIG. 15 ) opposite faces, and the layer(s) arranged between the first and second faces such that the thickness direction of each layer is perpendicular to the first and second faces. The touch panel also includes a plurality of first electrodes ( 8 ) disposed on the first face, each first electrode connected to a respective input of the multiplexer. The touch panel also includes at least one second electrode ( 9 ) disposed on the second face. The front end module is configured to receive an input signal ( 11 ) from the multiplexer output. The front end module includes a first stage ( 12 ) configured to provide an amplified signal based on the input signal, and a second stage comprising first ( 13 ) and second ( 14 ) frequency-dependent filters configured to receive the amplified signal and to provide respective first ( 16 ) and second ( 17 ) filtered signals. The first filtered signal has a first frequency bandwidth, and the second filtered signal has a second frequency bandwidth which has a relatively higher start-frequency than the first frequency bandwidth.
1. A touch panel for combined capacitance and pressure sensing, comprising:
a pixel array of a display;
a cover lens;
a plurality of first electrodes disposed between the pixel array and the cover lens, wherein each first electrode extends in a first direction and the plurality of first electrodes are arrayed spaced apart perpendicular to the first direction;
a plurality of third electrodes disposed between the pixel array and the cover lens, wherein each third electrode extends in a second direction and the plurality of third electrodes are arrayed spaced apart perpendicular to the second direction, wherein the first and second directions are different;
a patterned second electrode disposed between the cover lens and the plurality of first electrodes and between the cover lens and the plurality of third electrodes, the patterned second electrode comprising a plurality of first struts extending in the first direction and a plurality of second struts extending in the second direction, wherein the first and second struts are joined where they intersect such that the patterned second electrode is formed of a single region of conductive material; and
a layer structure disposed between the patterned second electrode and the plurality of first electrodes and between the patterned second electrode and the plurality of third electrodes, the layer structure comprising one or more layers, each layer extending perpendicularly to a thickness direction, the one or more layers including a layer of piezoelectric material, the layer structure having first and second opposite faces, and the one or more layers arranged between the first and second faces such that the thickness direction of each layer is perpendicular to the first and second faces;
wherein the patterned second electrode is substantially coextensive with the second face, wherein the patterned second electrode at least partially overlaps each first electrode of the plurality of first electrodes and the patterned second electrode at least partially overlaps each third electrode of the plurality of third electrodes.
2. The touch panel according to claim 1 , further comprising a colour filter disposed between the pixel array and the cover lens.
3. The touch panel according to claim 2 , wherein the colour filter is disposed between the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of third electrodes.
4. The touch panel according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of third electrodes are disposed on the same surface.
5. The touch panel according to claim 1 , further comprising one or more dielectric layers disposed between the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of third electrodes.
6. The touch panel according to claim 1 , further comprising a polariser disposed between the pixel array and the cover lens.
7. The touch panel according to claim 6 , wherein the polariser is disposed between the layer of piezoelectric material and the pixel array.
8. The touch panel according to claim 6 , wherein the polariser is disposed between the layer of piezoelectric material and the cover lens.
9. A portable electronic device comprising the touch panel according to claim 1 .
10. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the patterned second electrode is connected to a ground or a voltage bias source.
11. An apparatus comprising:
a touch panel comprising:
a pixel array of a display;
a cover lens;
a plurality of first electrodes disposed between the pixel array and the cover lens, wherein each first electrode extends in a first direction and the plurality of first electrodes are arrayed spaced apart perpendicular to the first direction;
a plurality of third electrodes disposed between the pixel array and the cover lens, wherein each third electrode extends in a second direction and the plurality of third electrodes are arrayed spaced apart perpendicular to the second direction, wherein the first and second directions are different;
a patterned second electrode disposed between the cover lens and the plurality of first electrodes and between the cover lens and the plurality of third electrodes, the patterned second electrode comprising a plurality of first struts extending in the first direction and a plurality of second struts extending in the second direction, wherein the first and second struts are joined where they intersect such that the patterned second electrode is formed of a single region of conductive material;
a layer structure disposed between the patterned second electrode and the plurality of first electrodes and between the patterned second electrode and the plurality of third electrodes, the layer structure comprising one or more layers, each layer extending perpendicularly to a thickness direction, the one or more layers including a layer of piezoelectric material, the layer structure having first and second opposite faces, and the one or more layers arranged between the first and second faces such that the thickness direction of each layer is perpendicular to the first and second faces
wherein the patterned second electrode is substantially coextensive with the second face, wherein the patterned second electrode at least partially overlaps each first electrode of the plurality of first electrodes and the patterned second electrode at least partially overlaps each third electrode of the plurality of third electrodes; and
a device for processing signals from the touch panel, the device configured, in response to receiving signals from a given first electrode or third electrode, to generate a pressure signal indicative of a pressure applied to the touch panel proximate to the given first or third electrode and a capacitance signal indicative of a capacitance of the given first electrode or third electrode.
12. The apparatus according to claim 11 , further comprising a colour filter disposed between the pixel array and the cover lens.
13. The apparatus according to claim 11 , further comprising a polariser disposed between the pixel array and the cover lens.
14. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the device comprises at least one signal splitter stage configured to split signals received from the touch panel into first and second signals, to pass the first signals to a first frequency dependent filter configured to reject the pressure signal and pass the capacitance signal, and to pass the second signals to a second frequency dependent filter configured to reject the capacitance signal and pass the pressure signal.
15. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the device is configured to receive signals from each first electrode and/or third electrode concurrently.
16. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the device is configured to receive signals from each first electrode and/or third electrode sequentially.
17. The apparatus according to claim 11 , further comprising: a signal processor arranged to receive the pressure and capacitance signals and to calculate pressure values and capacitance values in dependence upon the pressure and capacitance signals.
18. A portable electronic device comprising the apparatus according to claim 11 .