Use of procalcitonin (PCT) in risk stratification and prognosis of patients with a primary, non-infectious disease
In vitro methods such as in vitro diagnosis, prognosis and risk stratification of a patient having a primary disease, whereby the level of Procalcitonin (PCT) or fragment thereof in a sample of a bodily fluid of the patient is indicative for the risk of the patient to contract a further disease or medical condition. Assays for performing such methods and samples containing complex resulting from such methods.
1. A method comprising:
providing a sample having a complex comprising at least one binder to procalcitonin or fragments thereof of at least 50 amino acids in length bound to said procalcitonin or fragments thereof of at least 50 amino acids in length in a bodily fluid obtained from a patient, wherein the patient has a primary disease which is symptomatic and selected only from the group consisting of diabetes, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, chronic renal diseases, hypertension, orthopaedic diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, and wherein the patient has a bacterial infection which is not yet symptomatic, and
wherein said sample shows that the patient has a level of procalcitonin or fragments thereof of at least 50 amino acids in length which level is between 0.02 and 0.1 ng/mL, as determined in a procalcitonin assay having a lower limit of detection of below 0.02 ng/mL.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said bodily fluid is selected from the group consisting of a blood sample, a serum sample, a plasma sample, a urine sample of the patient and an extract of any of the aforementioned samples.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sample having the complex is obtained from a sandwich assay comprising two antibodies against different moieties of procalcitonin.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein one of the two antibodies is an antibody against the calcitonin moiety of procalcitonin, and the other of the two antibodies is a monoclonal antibody against the katacalcin moiety of procalcitonin.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sample having the complex is obtained from an assay having two capture molecules which are both present in a liquid reactions mixture, wherein
a first capture molecule has a first marking component attached thereto which contains a fluorescence or chemiluminescence dye, and
a second capture molecule has a second marking component attached thereto,
such that, upon binding of the first and second molecules to the procalcitonin or fragments thereof, a measurable signal is generated that allows for detection of the complex.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said the sample shows that the patient has a level of procalcitonin or fragments thereof of at least 50 amino acids in length which level is between 0.03 (±0.01) and 0.05 (±0.01) ng/mL.
7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising providing a further sample having a complex comprising at least one binder to one or more additional prognostic biomarkers bound to said one or more additional prognostic biomarkers in a sample obtained from said patient.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein one of said additional prognostic biomarker(s) is pro brain natriuretic peptide (proBNP) or a fragment thereof.
9. The method according to claim 7 , wherein one of said additional prognostic biomarker(s) is N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT proBNP) or brain natriuretic peptide (BNP).
10. The method according to claim 7 , wherein one of said additional prognostic biomarkers is selected from a group consisting of troponin, myeloperoxidase, C-reactive protein (CRP), neopterin, Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15), interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (ST2), cystatin-C, as well as the following peptides in the form of their mature peptides, precursors, pro-hormones and associated prohormone fragments: natriuretic peptides, adrenomedullin, endothelins and vasopressin.