System and method for reactance steering network (RSN)
According to various embodiments, a dual-band multi-receiver (DBMR) wireless power transfer (WPT) system is disclosed. The WPT system includes a transmitter including a first dc-dc converter coupled to a first inverter, a second dc-dc converter coupled to a second inverter, a reactance steering network (RSN) coupled to the first and second inverters, a high frequency transmitting coil coupled to the RSN, and a low frequency transmitting coil coupled to the first and second dc-dc converters. The WPT system further includes one or more receivers, each receiver including a high frequency receiving coil, a low frequency receiving coil, and a rectifier coupled to the high frequency receiving coil and low frequency receiving coil.
1. A transmitter for a dual-band multi-receiver (DBMR) wireless power transfer (WPT) system, comprising:
a first branch comprising a first dc-dc converter coupled to a first inverter;
a second branch comprising a second dc-dc converter coupled to a second inverter;
a reactance steering network (RSN) coupled to the first and second inverters, the RSN comprising an inductive branch and a capacitive branch, wherein power is steered toward the inductive branch when load impedance is capacitive and power is steered toward the capacitive branch when load impedance is inductive;
a high frequency coil coupled to the RSN, the first and second inverters configured to drive the high frequency coil; and
a low frequency coil coupled to the first and second dc-dc converters, the first and second dc-dc converters configured to drive the low frequency coil.
2. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the first and second dc-dc converters are configured to operate between about 90-200 kHz.
3. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the first and second inverters are configured to operate between about 6.78-27.12 MHz.
4. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the first and second dc-dc converters modulate inputs of the first and second inverters while simultaneously driving the low frequency coil.
5. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the first and second dc-dc converters drive the low frequency coil as a phase-shift full bridge.
6. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the first and second inverters steer power between the inductive branch and capacitive branch of the RSN via amplitude and phase modulation.
7. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the first and second dc-dc converters have adjustable output voltages.
8. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the first and second inverters are phase-shifted against each other.
9. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the first and second inverters are implemented as one of Class-E, Class-F, and Class-Φ inverters.
10. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the first and second dc-dc converters are each implemented as a low frequency inverter coupled to a low pass filter.
11. The transmitter of claim 10 , wherein the low frequency inverters are implemented as one of Class-D and full-bridge inverters.
12. The transmitter of claim 10 , wherein the low pass filters are implemented as one of L-networks or π-networks.
13. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the RSN is implemented as a three-port LC network.
14. The transmitter of claim 13 , wherein the RSN comprises an inductor and a capacitor.
15. A dual-band multi-receiver (DBMR) wireless power transfer (WPT) system, comprising:
a transmitter, comprising:
a first dc-dc converter coupled to a first inverter;
a second dc-dc converter coupled to a second inverter;
a reactance steering network (RSN) coupled to the first and second inverters, the RSN comprising an inductive branch and a capacitive branch, wherein power is steered toward the inductive branch when load impedance is capacitive and power is steered toward the capacitive branch when load impedance is inductive;
a high frequency transmitting coil coupled to the RSN, the first and second inverters configured to drive the high frequency transmitting coil; and
a low frequency transmitting coil coupled to the first and second dc-dc converters, the first and second dc-dc converters configured to drive the low frequency coil; and
one or more receivers, comprising:
a high frequency receiving coil;
a low frequency receiving coil; and
a rectifier coupled to the high frequency receiving coil and low frequency receiving coil.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first and second dc-dc converters are configured to operate between about 90-200 kHz.
17. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first and second inverters are configured to operate between about 6.78-27.12 MHz.
18. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first and second dc-dc converters modulate inputs of the first and second inverters while simultaneously driving the low frequency coil.
19. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first and second dc-dc converters drive the low frequency coil as a phase-shift full bridge.
20. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first and second inverters steer power between the inductive branch and capacitive branch of the RSN via amplitude and phase modulation.
21. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first and second dc-dc converters have adjustable output voltages.
22. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first and second inverters are phase-shifted against each other.
23. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first and second inverters are implemented as one of Class-E, Class-F, and Class-Φ inverters.
24. The system of claim 15 , wherein the first and second dc-dc converters are each implemented as a low frequency inverter coupled to a low pass filter.
25. The system of claim 24 , wherein the low frequency inverters are implemented as one of Class-D and full-bridge inverters.
26. The system of claim 24 , wherein the low pass filters are implemented as one of L-networks or π-networks.
27. The system of claim 15 , wherein the RSN is implemented as a three-port LC network.
28. The system of claim 27 , wherein the RSN comprises an inductor and a capacitor.
29. The system of claim 15 , wherein the rectifier is implemented as a dual-band rectifier.
30. The system of claim 15 , wherein the rectifier comprises a switch for high frequency or low frequency mode selection.
31. The system of claim 30 , wherein the rectifier further comprises two additional switches, two shunt capacitors, two chock inductors, and two filter capacitors.
32. The system of claim 15 , wherein the rectifier functions as one of two Class-E half-wave rectifiers stacked in series and a Class-D rectifier based on a frequency mode selection.