Biomarkers of endogenous biological time
Provided herein are biomarkers of endogenous biological time (e.g. circadian time). In particular compositions and methods are provided for assessing the biological time of a subject, and diagnosis of diseases/conditions and/or providing treatments based thereon.
1. A method of determining the biological time-of-day of a subject, the method comprising:
(a) detecting the level of one or more biomarkers in two or more samples obtained at different timepoints from the subject, wherein at least two of the timepoints are spaced by at least 4 hours, wherein the biomarkers are selected from c-type lectin domain containing 10a (CLEC10A), ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide (GHRL), CD1C molecule (CD1C), dehydrogenase/reductase 13 (DHRS13), t-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-inducing protein 2 (TIAM2), granzyme B (GZMB), epoxide hydrolase 2 (EPHX2), and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1);
(b) applying a predictor algorithm to the levels of biomarkers detected in the two or more samples; and
(c) determining the biological time-of-day for the subject based on output of the predictor algorithm.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the samples are a blood sample.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the level of 10 or more biomarkers selected from AK5, CLEC10A, FKBP4, IL3RA1, NPEPL1, PER1, STIP1, C12orf75, CYB561, GHRL, IL1B, NR1D1, PGPEP1, SYT11, CAMKK1, DDIT4, GNG2, LLGL2, NR1D2, POLH, TCN1, CD1C, DHRS13, GPCPD1, MEGF6, NSUN3, REM2, TIAM2, CD38, DTYMK, GZMB, MS4A3, PARP2, SH2D1B, ZNF438, CHSY1, EPHX2, ID3, MUM1, PDK1, and SLPI are detected.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the level of one or more of CLEC10A, PER1, GHRL, IL1B, NR1D1, DDIT4, GNG2, LLGL2, NR1D2, CD1C, DHRS13, GPCPD1, TIAM2, CD38, GZMB, ZNF438, EPHX2, and PDK1 are detected.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the level of each of CLEC10A, PER1, GHRL, IL1B, NR1D1, DDIT4, GNG2, LLGL2, NR1D2, CD1C, DHRS13, GPCPD1, TIAM2, CD38, GZMB, ZNF438, EPHX2, and PDK1 are detected.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the level of each of the biomarkers selected from AK5, CLEC10A, FKBP4, IL3RA1, NPEPL1, PER1, STIP1, C12orf75, CYB561, GHRL, IL1B, NR1D1, PGPEP1, SYT11, CAMKK1, DDIT4, GNG2, LLGL2, NR1D2, POLH, TCN1, CD1C, DHRS13, GPCPD1, MEGF6, NSUN3, REM2, TIAM2, CD38, DTYMK, GZMB, MS4A3, PARP2, SH2D1B, ZNF438, CHSY1, EPHX2, ID3, MUM1, PDK1, and SLPI are detected.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomarker levels are detected by microarray or RNA-Seq.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predictor algorithm comprises a within-subject normalization procedure.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein detecting the level of one or more biomarkers comprises detecting the level of gene expression of the one or more biomarkers.