Laminated electrolyte membrane, membrane electrode assembly, water electrolysis cell, stack, water electrolyzer, and hydrogen utilizing system

1. A laminated electrolyte membrane comprising:

a first electrolyte membrane;

a second electrolyte membrane; and

a nanosheet laminated catalyst layer provided between the first electrolyte membrane and the second electrolyte membrane and including a laminated structure in which a plurality of nanosheet catalysts is laminated with a gap, and a transfer layer between the second electrolyte membrane and the nanosheet laminated catalyst layer,

wherein

the nanosheet laminated catalyst layer has a thickness of 10 nm or more and 2000 nm or less,

the transfer layer comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a perfluorosulfonic acid based polymer, a polybenzothiazole polymer, a polybenzoxazole polymer, and a polybenzoimidazole polymer,

the nanosheet laminated catalyst layer is in direct contact with the first electrolyte membrane and the transfer layer, and

the transfer layer is in direct contact with the nanosheet laminated catalyst and the second electrolyte membrane.

2. The laminated electrolyte membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the nanosheet catalyst contains Pt or a Pt alloy.

3. The laminated electrolyte membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the laminated electrolyte membrane has a membrane thickness of 25 μm or more and 250 μm or less.

4. The laminated electrolyte membrane according to claim 1 , wherein a radical scavenger or a hydrogen peroxide decomposer is added to the laminated electrolyte membrane.

5. The laminated electrolyte membrane according to claim 1 , wherein porous carbon or ceramics containing fibrous carbon is contained in the gap.

6. The laminated electrolyte membrane according to claim 1 , wherein a vacancy area ratio of the laminated structure is 50% or more and 90% or less.

7. The laminated electrode membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the nanosheet laminated catalyst layer with respect to a thickness of the laminated electrolyte membrane is 0.01/1000 to 0.5/1000.

8. The laminated electrode membrane according to claim 1 , wherein a surface of the transfer layer is in direct contact with the nanosheet laminated catalyst layer, and

a surface of the transfer layer which is opposite to the surface of the transfer layer being in direct contact with the nanosheet laminated catalyst layer is in direct contact with the second electrolyte membrane.

9. A membrane electrode assembly, wherein a first electrode, a second electrode, and the laminated electrolyte membrane according to claim 1 between the first electrode and the second electrode are provided.

10. The membrane electrode assembly according to claim 9 , wherein the first electrode is a cathode and the second electrode is an anode.

11. The membrane electrode assembly according to claim 10 , wherein an electrolyte membrane in contact with the second electrode is a perfluorosulfonic acid based electrolyte membrane.

12. The membrane electrode assembly according to claim 9 , wherein the nanosheet laminated catalyst layer and the first electrode or the second electrode are separated.

13. A water electrolysis cell using the membrane electrode assembly according to claim 9 .

14. A stack using the membrane electrode assembly according to claim 9 .

15. A stack using the water electrolysis cell according to claim 13 .

16. A water electrolyzer using the membrane electrode assembly according to claim 9 .

17. A water electrolyzer using the water electrolysis cell according to claim 13 .

18. A water electrolyzer using the stack according to claim 14 .

19. A water electrolyzer using the stack according to claim 15 .

20. A hydrogen utilizing system using the water electrolyzer according to claim 19 .