Method for producing a textile-reinforced construction material component, and tensioning device for same
A method for producing a three-dimensional construction material component preferably having at least one curved surface. A plurality of spacers are arranged in a formwork. A textile reinforcement is supported on the spacers, such that the textile reinforcement has a defined position within a formwork interior of the formwork. A tensile force is applied via a tensioning device to the textile reinforcement in at least one tension direction. Construction material is introduced into the formwork interior and surrounds the textile reinforcement. The construction material is then hardened, wherein the tensile force is maintained during the hardening. During this process, the spacers are integrated into the construction material component. The tensioning device has at least one clamping unit for clamping an end portion of the textile reinforcement between two clamping surfaces. The clamping surfaces are provided on clamping insert bodies, which are of a plastic material of a defined hardness.
1. A method for producing a construction material component ( 20 ) having a textile reinforcement ( 21 ), said method comprising:
providing a formwork ( 30 ) adapted for production of a three-dimensional construction material component ( 20 ) having at least one convexly or concavely curved surface, the formwork ( 30 ) having at least one formwork part ( 31 ) for producing the construction material component ( 20 );
placing spacers ( 32 ) in the formwork ( 30 ), wherein individual ones of the spacers include a convexly curved upper support surface for supporting a textile reinforcement thereon;
arranging the textile reinforcement ( 21 ) produced from at least one textile strand ( 23 ) in a lattice-like manner on the convexly curved upper support surface of the spacers ( 32 ), wherein the textile reinforcement ( 21 ) is a grid having intersecting textile strands that are connected to one another at points of intersection;
applying a tensile force (FZ) to the textile reinforcement ( 21 ) with a tensioning device ( 40 ) located outside the formwork ( 30 ), wherein the textile reinforcement ( 21 ), when prestressed by the tensile force (FZ), is non-planar;
pouring a flowable construction material (B) into the formwork ( 30 ) around the prestressed textile reinforcement ( 21 ) and hardening the construction material (B); and
removing the hardened construction material component ( 20 ) from the formwork ( 30 ).
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the spacers ( 32 ) are arranged with an underside ( 32 a ) of the spacers ( 32 ) on a formwork part ( 31 ).
3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising casting the spacers ( 32 ) into the construction material (B) of the construction material component ( 20 ).
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the spacers ( 32 ) form a plurality of groups ( 33 ) and the spacers ( 32 ) within the same group ( 33 ) are connected to one another by a pliable or flexible connection element ( 34 ).
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least two of the provided spacers ( 32 ) are of different sizes.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the textile reinforcement ( 21 ) includes a plurality of rovings ( 24 ), further comprising
saturating the plurality of rovings ( 24 ) with a resin, and
hardening the textile reinforcement ( 21 ).
7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising hardening the textile reinforcement ( 21 ) into a predetermined shape and casting the textile reinforcement into the construction material component ( 20 ).
8. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising preforming and hardening the textile reinforcement ( 21 ) and then arranging the textile reinforcement ( 21 ) on the spacers ( 32 ) and loading with the tensile force (FZ).
9. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising arranging the textile reinforcement ( 21 ), which is not yet hardened, on the spacers ( 32 ), bringing it into the desired shaping, and then hardening and loading it with the tensile force (FZ).
10. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising applying the tensile force (FZ) in one or more tension directions (Z).