Adaptive estimation of available power for wind turbine

1. A method for operating a wind turbine, the method comprising:

determining, using one or more sensors of the wind turbine, a first power production level of the wind turbine;

determining, during an unconstrained operation of the wind turbine, one or more available power correction values based on the first power production level;

determining, during a constrained operation of the wind turbine, an estimated available power value using one or more wind power parameters applied to a predefined model for estimating an available power of the wind turbine, wherein the constrained operation comprises a derated operation of the wind turbine;

adjusting, during the constrained operation, the estimated available power value using the one or more available power correction values to produce an available power value indicating the available power of the wind turbine; and

controlling, during the constrained operation and using the available power value, the wind turbine to produce a second power production level.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein adjusting the estimated available power value using the one or more available power correction values comprises:

determining a first available power correction value; and

applying the first available power correction value to the estimated available power value to produce the available power value.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the one or more available power correction values comprises:

determining a difference between the estimated available power value and the first power production level of the wind turbine.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein determining the one or more available power correction values is performed by applying a low-pass filter to the difference, and

wherein a time constant of the low-pass filter is about 30 minutes or more.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more wind power parameters that are applied to the predefined model include one or more of: an actual wind speed, an estimated wind speed, an actual air density, and an estimated air density.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the one or more available power correction values comprises:

updating the one or more available power correction values during periods of the unconstrained operation of the wind turbine, and

wherein the one or more available power correction values are not updated during periods of constrained operation of the wind turbine.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the one or more available power correction values comprises determining a plurality of available power correction values, and

wherein each available power correction value of the plurality of available power correction values corresponds to a respective wind speed interval of a plurality of wind speed intervals.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein determining the plurality of available power correction values comprises:

updating at least a first available power correction value of the plurality of available power correction values when a determined wind speed is within a first wind speed interval of the plurality of wind speed intervals that corresponds to the first available power correction value.

9. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:

determining a first available power correction value by interpolating multiple available power correction values of the available power correction values,

wherein adjusting the estimated available power value comprises:

applying the first available power correction value to the estimated available power value to produce the available power value.

10. A wind turbine comprising:

a generator configured to produce electrical power;

one or more sensors; and

a control arrangement comprising one or more computer processors that are communicatively coupled with the generator, the control arrangement configured to:

determine, using the one or more sensors, a first power production level of the generator;

determine, during an unconstrained operation of the wind turbine, one or more available power correction values based on the first power production level;

determine, during a constrained operation of the wind turbine, an estimated available power value using one or more wind power parameters applied to a predefined model for estimating an available power of the generator, wherein the constrained operation comprises a derated operation of the wind turbine;

adjust, during the constrained operation, the estimated available power value using the one or more available power correction values to produce an available power value indicating the available power of the wind turbine; and

transmit, during the constrained operation and using the available power value, control signals to the generator such that the generator produces a second power production level.

11. The wind turbine of claim 10 , wherein adjusting the estimated available power value using the one or more available power correction values comprises:

determining a first available power correction value; and

applying the first available power correction value to the estimated available power value to produce the available power value.

12. The wind turbine of claim 10 , wherein determining the one or more available power correction values comprises:

determining a difference between the estimated available power value and the first power production level of the wind turbine.

13. The wind turbine of claim 10 , wherein the one or more wind power parameters that are applied to the predefined model include one or more of: an actual wind speed, an estimated wind speed, an actual air density, and an estimated air density.

14. The wind turbine of claim 10 , wherein determining the one or more available power correction values comprises:

updating the one or more available power correction values factors substantially during periods of the unconstrained operation of the wind turbine, and

wherein the one or more available power correction values are not updated during periods of constrained operation of the wind turbine.

15. The wind turbine of claim 10 , wherein determining the one or more available power correction values comprises determining a plurality of available power correction values, and

wherein each available power correction value factor of the plurality of available power correction values factors corresponds to a respective wind speed interval of a plurality of wind speed intervals.

16. A control arrangement for a wind turbine, the control arrangement comprising one or more computer processors that are configured to:

measure, using one or more sensors of the wind turbine, a first power production level of the wind turbine;

determine, during an unconstrained operation of the wind turbine, one or more available power correction values based on the measured first power production level;

determine, during a constrained operation of the wind turbine, an estimated available power value using one or more wind power parameters applied to a predefined model for estimating an available power of the wind turbine, wherein the constrained operation comprises a derated operation of the wind turbine;

adjust, during the constrained operation, the estimated available power value using the one or more available power correction values to produce an available power value indicating the available power of the wind turbine; and

control, during the constrained operation and using the available power value, the wind turbine to produce a second power production level.

17. The control arrangement of claim 16 , wherein adjusting the estimated available power value using the one or more available power correction values comprises:

determining a first available power correction value; and

applying the first available power correction value to the estimated available power value to produce the available power value.

18. The control arrangement of claim 16 , wherein determining the one or more available power correction values comprises:

determining a difference between the estimated available power value and the measured first power production level of the wind turbine.

19. The control arrangement of claim 16 , wherein the one or more wind power parameters that are applied to the predefined model include one or more of: an actual wind speed, an estimated wind speed, an actual air density, and an estimated air density.

20. The control arrangement of claim 16 , wherein determining the one or more available power correction values comprises:

updating the one or more available power correction values during periods of the unconstrained operation of the wind turbine, and

wherein the one or more available power correction values are not updated during periods of constrained operation of the wind turbine.