DRA DAS system
Disclosed is a system and method for improving the performance of downhole Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) systems by simultaneous use of co-propagating and counter-propagating Distributed Raman Amplification (DRA). It uses a surface DRA system with a surface DAS system to combine their laser sources where the distal end of the downhole sensing fiber use uses a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) to optically split the DRA and DAS signals onto two optical fibers. The DAS fiber/signal is terminated with a low reflectance termination to minimize a potential back reflection whereas the DRA fiber is terminated with a high reflectance termination causing all the light to reflect back up the sensing fiber. This arrangement allows for simultaneous co and counter-propagating DRA of the DAS signals, both the transmitted pulse and the back scattered light, thus creating the maximum amount of gain possible.
1. A system comprising:
an optical fiber having a surface proximal end and a distal downhole end;
a surface distributed acoustic sensing system having a first laser source to output a first light at a first primary wavelength;
a surface Raman distributed amplifier having a second laser source to output a second light at a second primary wavelength, wherein the first primary wavelength and the second primary wavelength are spaced apart by a distance such that the first light propagating toward the distal end is amplified by the second light propagating toward the distal end and such that back scattered light from the second light propagating back along the optical fiber toward the surface proximal end performs counter propagation amplification of back scattered light from the first light propagating back along the optical fiber toward the surface proximal end;
a surface combiner to combine the first light and the second light output into a combined light from the first laser source and the second laser source, respectively, to input into the surface proximal end of the optical fiber;
a wavelength division multiplexer coupled to the distal downhole end of the optical fiber, wherein the wavelength division multiplexer is to receive the combined light and to separate the combined light into the first and second primary wavelengths into a first and second fiber leg;
a low reflectance termination on the first fiber leg; and
a high reflectance termination on the second fiber leg.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first primary wavelength is centered around 1550 nanometers (nm).
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second primary wavelength is centered around 1450 nanometers (nm).
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the surface combiner for combining the first and second light from the laser sources is the wavelength division multiplexer (WDM).
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the optical fiber is a single mode optical fiber.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the optical fiber is a multimode optical fiber.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second laser source is de-polarized.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the surface Raman distributed amplifier has multiple laser diodes combined using a wavelength division multiplexer and a Polarization Beam combiner.
9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a surface distributed temperature sensing system having single or dual laser sources.
10. A method comprising:
generating, by a first laser source at a surface of a wellbore and for distributed acoustic sensing, a first light at a first primary wavelength;
generating, by a second laser source of a surface Raman distributed amplifier, a second light at a second primary wavelength;
combining the first light with the second light to create a combined light;
propagating the combined light from a surface distal end of an optical fiber and along the optical fiber having a downhole distal end at a location in the wellbore, wherein the first primary wavelength and the second primary wavelength are spaced apart by a distance such that the first light propagating toward the distal end is amplified by the second light propagating toward the distal end and such that back scattered light from the second light propagating back along the optical fiber toward a surface proximal end performs counter propagation amplification of back scattered light from the first light propagating back along the optical fiber toward the surface proximal end; and
separating, at the distal end of the optical fiber, the combined light into the first light and the second light.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the first primary wavelength is centered around 1550 nanometers (nm).
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the second primary wavelength is centered around 1450 nanometers (nm).
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein combining the first light with the second light comprises combining the first light with the second light using a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM).
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the optical fiber is a single mode optical fiber.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the optical fiber is a multimode optical fiber.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein the surface Raman distributed amplifier has multiple laser diodes that are combined using a wavelength division multiplexer and a Polarization Beam combiner.
17. The method of claim 10 , further comprising adding a surface distributed temperature sensing (DTS) system having single or dual laser sources.