Riser tools and methods

1. A torque tool configured for making up and breaking out joints in a riser, the torque tool comprising:

a tool body;

a tool head having a socket which is configured to receive a head of a bolt and to apply a torque on the bolt;

a torque sensor operable to measure the torque applied on the bolt;

a pre-tension sensor operable to measure a pre-tension in a longitudinal extension of the bolt when the bolt is received in the tool head;

an identification sensor; and

a tag arranged on or in the bolt,

wherein,

the identification sensor is operable to establish a unique identity of the tag arranged on or in the bolt.

2. The torque tool as recited in claim 1 , wherein the pre-tension sensor is,

arranged in the socket and is configured to engage the head of the bolt, or

configured to be temporarily arranged on a tail end of the bolt.

3. The torque tool as recited in claim 1 , wherein the pre-tension sensor is an elongation sensor.

4. The torque tool as recited in claim 1 , wherein,

the pre-tension sensor comprises an acoustic transducer, and

the pre-tension sensor is operable to receive an acoustic reflection time in the bolt.

5. The torque tool as recited in claim 1 , wherein the identification sensor is arranged in the socket.

6. The torque tool as recited in claim 1 , wherein,

the identification sensor is provided as an RFID reader, the tag arranged on or in the bolt is provided as an RFID tag, and the RFID reader is operable to identify the RFID tag, and

the pre-tension sensor comprises a microprocessor and a stored database of bolt characteristics, the pre-tension sensor being further operable to determine a bolt identity via the microprocessor and the stored database of bolt characteristics, or

the identification sensor is provided as a visual sensor, the tag arranged on or in the bolt is provided as a visual tag which is arranged on the bolt, and the visual sensor is operable to identify the visual tag arranged on the bolt, and

the pre-tension sensor comprises a microprocessor and a stored database of bolt characteristics, the pre-tension sensor being further operable to determine a bolt identity via the microprocessor and the stored database of bolt characteristics.

7. The torque tool as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:

a computing system configured to receive measurements from the torque sensor and the pre-tension sensor.

8. The torque tool as recited in claim 7 , further comprising:

an output device operatively connected to the computing system, the computing system being configured to,

process the measurements,

compare a processed value of the measurements to one or more pre-defined ranges, and

output a signal to an operator of the torque tool if the processed value lies within the pre-defined ranges and/or if the processed value lies outside the pre-defined ranges.

9. The torque tool as recited in claim 8 , wherein the pre-defined ranges comprise a torque range which is indicative of a desired make-up torque for the bolt and a bolt pre-tension range which is indicative of a desired make-up pre-tension for the bolt.

10. The torque tool as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:

a computing system which is configured to receive measurements from the torque sensor and the pre-tension sensor,

wherein,

the computing system is operable to, for a plurality of make-up operations,

receive the unique identity of the tag identifying the bolt,

calculate a performance indicator parameter, the performance indicator parameter being a function of a measured make-up torque and a measured pre-tension of the bolt, and

output the performance indicator parameter to an operator.

11. The torque tool as recited in claim 10 , wherein the computing system is further operable to output a trend of the performance indicator parameter.

12. A method for pre-tensioning bolted riser joints comprising a plurality of bolts, the method comprising:

operating the torque tool as recited in claim 1 to engage a head of a bolt;

operating the torque tool to apply a make-up torque to the bolt while measuring the torque applied with the torque sensor and the pre-tension of the bolt with the pre-tension sensor; and

continuing to apply torque with the torque tool until the measured torque lies within a pre-determined range of prescribed torque values and the pre-tension lies within a pre- determined range of prescribed pre-tension values.

13. The method as recited in claim 12 , further comprising:

outputting a signal to an operator of the torque tool if the measured torque lies within the pre-determined range of prescribed torque values and the pre-tension lies within the pre- determined range of prescribed pre-tension values.

14. The method as recited in claim 12 , further comprising:

logging the measured torque and the measured pre-tension in a computing system.

15. A method of managing a plurality of bolts for riser joints, the method comprising:

(a) operating a torque tool comprising,

a tool body,

a tool head having a socket which is configured to receive a head of a bolt and to apply a torque on the bolt, the bolt being one of the plurality of bolts,

a torque sensor operable to measure the torque applied on the bolt,

a pre-tension sensor operable to measure a pre-tension in a longitudinal extension of the bolt when the bolt is received in the tool head,

an identification sensor, and

a tag arranged on or in the bolt,

wherein the identification sensor is operable to establish a unique identity of the tag arranged on or in the bolt,

to fasten each of the plurality of bolts while measuring a torque applied on the bolt and a resulting pre-tension of the bolt;

(b) calculating a performance indicator parameter, the performance indicator parameter being a function of the measured torque and the measured resulting pre-tension of the bolt and indicative of a coefficient of friction between the bolt and the riser;

(c) comparing the performance indicator parameter to one or more pre-defined ranges; and

(d) replacing the bolt if the performance indicator parameter lies outside the one or more pre-defined ranges.

16. The method as recited in claim 15 , comprising:

repeating steps (a) to (c) for a plurality of riser joint make-up operations; and

logging values of the performance indicator parameter for the plurality of make-up operations.

17. The method as recited in claim 15 , further comprising:

operating the torque tool to receive a unique identity of a bolt; and

outputting a trend of the performance indicator parameter for the bolt having the unique identity over the plurality of make-up operations.

18. A method of managing a plurality of bolts for riser joints, the method comprising:

during deployment of a riser, operating a torque tool comprising,

a tool body,

a tool head having a socket which is configured to receive a head of a bolt and to apply a torque on the bolt, the bolt being one of the plurality of bolts,

a torque sensor operable to measure the torque applied on the bolt, and

a pre-tension sensor operable to measure a pre-tension in a longitudinal extension of the bolt when the bolt is received in the tool head, to:

identify the bolt;

apply a make-up torque to the bolt;

measure a first pre-tension value for the bolt with the pre-tension sensor; and

store the measured pre-tension in a database; and

during retrieval of the riser:

identify the bolt;

measure a second pre-tension value for the bolt with the pre-tension sensor; and

output a performance indicator value to an operator, the performance indicator value comprising the first pre-tension value and second pre-tension value and/or a comparison between the first pre-tension value and second pre-tension value.

19. The method as recited in claim 18 , further comprising:

measuring the make-up torque with the torque sensor; and

storing the measured make-up torque in the database,

wherein the performance indicator value further comprises the measured make-up torque or a function of the measured make-up torque.

20. The method as recited in claim 19 , further comprising:

applying a break-out torque to the bolt; and

measuring the break-out torque with the torque sensor,

wherein the performance indicator value further comprises the measured break-out torque or a function of the measured break-out torque.