Mechanical barrier fluid pressure regulation for subsea systems
A technique facilitates controlling barrier fluid via a mechanical pressure regulation system which may be coupled with a rotating machine at a subsea location. The mechanical pressure regulation system enables controlled supply of the barrier fluid to the rotating machine and comprises a mechanical valve mechanism. The mechanical valve mechanism automatically maintains a pressure differential between the barrier fluid and a process fluid within a desired range. According to an embodiment, the mechanical valve mechanism is mechanically actuated via pressures applied to a pilot piston so as to provide barrier fluid to the rotating machine when the pressure differential reaches a lower limit and to dump barrier fluid when the pressure differential reaches an upper limit.
1. A subsea fluid processing system, comprising:
a rotatable machine configured for subsea deployment where a process fluid is processed, the rotatable machine including one or more mechanical seals to separate a barrier fluid and the process fluid;
a barrier fluid supply source configured to be located at a surface location; and
a mechanical barrier fluid pressure regulation system configured to maintain a pressure differential between the barrier fluid and the process fluid between a predetermined upper limit and a predetermined lower limit, the pressure regulation system comprising:
a valve mechanism configured to provide the barrier fluid to the rotatable machine when the pressure differential reaches the predetermined lower limit and to dump the barrier fluid when the pressure differential reaches the predetermined upper limit, wherein the valve mechanism comprises:
a pressure balanced supply valve with a valve housing;
a pilot piston mechanically coupled to the supply valve and slidably positioned within a pilot chamber within the valve housing to separate a process fluid side of the pilot chamber from a barrier fluid side of the pilot chamber; and
a return seal disposed in the pilot chamber that isolates a pressure in a discharge chamber of the valve housing to delay the supply valve actuation when a pressure of the barrier fluid increases rapidly and to generate hysteresis in the opening and closing of the valve mechanism;
wherein the discharge chamber and the barrier fluid side of the pilot chamber are in fluid communication with each other and a discharge nozzle is positioned within the discharge chamber such that the barrier fluid flowing through the discharge chamber passes through the discharge nozzle to generate the hysteresis.
2. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the rotatable machine comprises a subsea pump.
3. The system as recited in claim 2 , wherein the subsea pump is powered by a subsea motor.
4. The system as recited in claim 2 , wherein the subsea pump comprises a pump impeller and the one or more mechanical seals comprises a plurality of seals positioned to maintain separation between the process fluid moved by the pump impeller and the barrier fluid.
5. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the valve mechanism is configured to open the supply valve when a predetermined criteria is met regardless of a value of a supply pressure of the barrier fluid such that the valve mechanism is pressure independent to thus enhance utilization for different applications with different pressure inputs.
6. The system as recited in claim 5 , wherein the predetermined criteria comprise predetermined pressures acting on the pilot piston.
7. The system as recited in claim 6 , wherein the pilot piston is spring biased to an open flow position allowing the barrier fluid to flow from the barrier fluid supply source to the rotatable machine.
8. A method, comprising:
positioning a rotatable machine at a subsea location to enable processing of a process fluid;
supplying the rotatable machine with a barrier fluid through a mechanical pressure regulation system; and
using a valve mechanism of the mechanical pressure regulation system to automatically maintain a pressure differential between the barrier fluid and the process fluid within a desired range by providing the barrier fluid to the rotatable machine when the pressure differential reaches a lower limit and dumping the barrier fluid when the pressure differential reaches an upper limit, the valve mechanism comprising a valve housing and being mechanically actuated via pressures applied to a pilot piston;
wherein the pilot piston is slidably positioned within a pilot chamber of the valve housing to separate a process fluid side of the pilot chamber from a barrier fluid side of the pilot chamber and
wherein a pressure in a discharge chamber of the valve housing is isolated by a return seal disposed in the pilot chamber to delay the valve mechanism actuation when a pressure of the barrier fluid increases rapidly and to generate hysteresis in the opening and closing of the valve mechanism;
and wherein the discharge chamber and the barrier fluid side of the pilot chamber are in fluid communication with each other and a discharge nozzle is positioned within the discharge chamber such that the barrier fluid flowing through the discharge chamber passes through the discharge nozzle to generate the hysteresis.
9. The method as recited in claim 8 , further comprising using the valve mechanism to balance hydraulic forces.
10. The method as recited in claim 9 , further comprising using the hydraulic forces to generate the hysteresis in the opening and closing of the valve mechanism.
11. The method as recited in claim 10 , wherein positioning the rotatable machine comprises positioning a subsea pumping system having an impeller for pumping the process fluid.