System and process for increasing protein product yield from bacterial cells
Protein-rich nutrient supplements and animal feed supplements derived from an anaerobic bacterial process are generated through a myriad of cell rupturing and protein fractionation/purification processes. Bacterial fermentation systems and methods of obtaining one or more protein-containing portions from a fermentation process using carbon monoxide-containing gaseous substrates increasing protein product yield from bacterial cells are provided. The invention further provides compositions of protein-rich nutrient supplements with useful applications for intake by a variety of different animals and humans.
1. A process for obtaining a high recovery rate of a protein-containing product purified from anaerobic bacteria cells, comprising:
fermenting a gaseous substrate with anaerobic bacteria cells into a fermentation liquid broth inside a fermentation vessel, wherein the fermentation liquid broth is at a first pH value;
separating an amount to the fermentation liquid broth being delivered from the fermentation vessel at a starting cell concentration into a cell-free permeate solution and a cell-containing suspension containing the anaerobic bacteria cells;
supplying one or more pH-adjusting agents to adjust the pH of cell-containing suspension, wherein pH of the cell-containing suspension is adjusted to a second pH value higher than the first pH value;
rupturing cell membranes of the anaerobic bacteria cells contained within the cell-containing suspension into a homogenate having the protein-containing product at a first protein recovery rate, wherein the first protein recovery rate is a percentage of a protein concentration (grams per liter) of the protein-containing product divided by the starting cell concentration (grams per liter); and
fractionating the homogenate into a first protein-containing portion at a second protein recovery rate and a protein-containing cell debris portion at a third protein recovery rate.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second pH value is in a range of 5 to 12.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second pH value is in a range of 7 to 12.
4. The process in claim 1 , wherein the one or more pH-adjusting agents is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, bicarbonate, and a combination thereof.
5. The process in claim 1 , wherein one or more pH-adjusting agents to the cell-containing suspension is added prior to the rupturing the cell membranes of the anaerobic bacteria cells.
6. The process in claim 1 , wherein one or more pH-adjusting agents to the cell-containing suspension is added after the rupturing the cell membranes of the anaerobic bacteria cells.
7. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:
holding the cell-containing suspension containing the anaerobic bacterial cells at the second pH value in a cell-containing holding tank prior to rupturing the cell membranes of the anaerobic bacteria cells.
8. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:
holding the cell-containing suspension containing the anaerobic bacterial cells at the second pH in a cell-containing holding tank after rupturing the cell membranes of the anaerobic bacteria cells.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first protein recovery rate is between 10% and 95%.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second protein recovery rate is between 10% and 85% and the third protein recovery rate is between 10% and 75%.
11. A process for increasing a recovery rate of a protein containing product purified from anaerobic bacteria cells, comprising:
fermenting a gaseous substrate with anaerobic bacteria cells into a fermentation liquid broth inside a fermentation vessel, wherein the fermentation liquid broth is at a first pH value;
separating the fermentation liquid broth being delivered from the fermentation vessel into a cell-free permeate solution and a cell-containing suspension containing the anaerobic bacteria cells;
supplying one or more pH-adjusting agents to adjust the pH of cell-containing suspension, wherein pH of the cell-containing suspension is adjusted to a second pH value higher than the first pH value;
rupturing cell membranes of the anaerobic bacteria cells contained within the cell-containing suspension into a homogenate having the protein-containing product at a first protein recovery rate, wherein the first protein recovery rate is a percentage of a protein concentration (grams per liter) of the protein-containing product divided by the starting cell concentration (grams per liter);
fractionating the homogenate into a first protein-containing portion at a second protein recovery rate and a protein-containing cell debris portion at a third protein recovery rate using a first fractionator;
delivering the first protein-containing portion to a second fractionator; and
fractionating the first protein-containing portion into a second protein-containing portion using a second fractionator; and
collecting the second protein-containing portion.
12. The process of claim 11 , wherein the second pH value is in a range of 7 to 12, and the one or more pH-adjusting agents is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, bicarbonate, and a combination thereof.
13. The process in claim 11 , wherein one or more pH-adjusting agents to the cell-containing suspension is added prior to the rupturing the cell membranes of the anaerobic bacteria cells.
14. The process in claim 11 , wherein one or more pH-adjusting agents to the cell-containing suspension is added after the rupturing the cell membranes of the anaerobic bacteria cells.