Construction of oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSV) obligate vector and constructs for cancer therapy
An obligate oHSV vector comprising modified viral DNA genome is provided. A recombinant oHSV-1 construct comprising the obligate oHSV vector and a heterologous nucleic acid sequence encoding an immunostimulatory and/or immunotherapeutic agent is also provided. Compositions comprising the recombinant oHSV-1 construct can be used for treating cancers.
1. A pharmaceutical composition for treating or alleviating cancer in a subject, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a recombinant oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1), wherein the recombinant oncolytic HSV-1 has a deletion modification in a wild-type HSV-1 genome and comprises:
(i) sequences required for expression of all single-copy open reading frames (ORFs) in the genome, comprising the ORFs themselves and regulating sequences necessary for expression of each ORF, wherein the regulating sequences include promoters which are kept intact;
(ii) only one copy of each of all double-copy genes in the genome;
(iii) only one copy of duplicated non-coding sequences in the genome; and
(iv) a heterologous nucleic acid sequence encoding IL-12 and an anti-PD-1 agent, wherein the heterologous nucleic acid sequence encoding IL-12 is inserted into the deleted region of the modified HSV-1 genome, and the heterologous nucleic acid sequence encoding the anti-PD-1 agent is inserted between U L 3 and U L 4 genes in the U L component of the modified HSV-1 genome, and wherein the incorporation of the heterologous nucleic acid sequence does not interfere the expression of the wild-type HSV-1 genes.
2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the double-copy genes comprise genes encoding ICP0, ICP4, ICP34.5, ORF P and ORF O.
3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the HSV-1 has a genome isomer of prototype (P).
4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the HSV-1 is selected from the group consisting of strains F, KOS, and 17.
5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 4 , wherein the deletion causes excision of nucleotide positions 117005 to 132096 in the genome of F strain.
6. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the deletion modification comprises a deletion starting from the promoter of the last gene in the U L component to the first gene in the U s component in case of an I L isomer of HSV-1 genome.
7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6 , wherein the last known gene in the U L component is U L 1 in case of the I L isomer.
8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6 , wherein the first known gene in the U s component is U s 1 in case of the I L isomer.
9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the duplicated non-coding sequences include introns of ICP0, LAT domain and “a” sequence.
10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human being.
11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of esophageal cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, and bladder cancer.
12. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for intra-tumor injection.