Manganese oxide composition and method for preparing manganese oxide composition
The present application relates to a method comprising: (a) providing a battery comprising a manganese oxide composition as a primary active material; and (b) cycling the battery by: (i) galvanostatically discharging the battery to a first V cell ; (ii) galvanostatically charging the battery to a second V cell ; and (iii) potentiostatically charging at the second V cell for a first defined period of time. The present application also relates to a chemical composition produced by the method above. The present application also relates to a battery comprising one or more chemical species, the one or more chemical species produced by cycling an activated composition.
1. A method for preparing a zinc-manganese battery, the method comprising:
(a) chemically treating an alkali metal manganese (III, IV) oxide, thereby producing a chemically treated alkali metal manganese (III, IV) oxide;
(b) providing the chemically treated alkali metal manganese (III, IV) oxide as an active material in a cathode of the zinc-manganese battery, the zinc-manganese battery further comprising: an anode and an electrolytic solution in fluid communication with the anode and the cathode; and
(c) cycling the zinc-manganese battery by: (i) discharging the zinc-manganese battery to a first V cell ; (ii) charging the zinc-manganese battery to a second V cell ; and (iii) charging at the second V cell for a first defined period of time.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first V cell is between 1.0V and 1.2V.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second V cell is between 1.8V and 2.0V.
4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising charging the zinc-manganese battery at a third V cell for a second defined period of time, said charging at the third V cell occurring after discharging the zinc-manganese battery to the first V cell and before charging the zinc-manganese battery to the second V cell .
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the third V cell is between 1.7V and 1.8V.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolytic solution is about neutral.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkali metal of the alkali metal manganese (III, IV) oxide is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, and K.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the alkali metal manganese (III, IV) oxide comprises a spinel crystalline structure.
9. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the alkali metal manganese (III, IV) oxide is LiMn 2 O 4 .
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the chemically treated alkali metal manganese oxide species has an X-ray diffractogram pattern expressing a plurality of Bragg peaks at 22°±1°, 36°±1°, and 44°±1°.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the X-ray diffractogram pattern further expresses Bragg peaks at 56°±1°, and 64°±1°.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of discharging the zinc-manganese battery to the first V cell is done galvanostatically.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of charging the zinc-manganese battery to the second V cell is done galvanostatically.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of charging at the second V cell for the first defined period of time is done potentiostatically.