Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK) promoters and methods of use for expressing chimeric antigen receptor
The invention provides compositions and methods for treating diseases associated with expression of a tumor antigen as described herein. The invention also relates to nucleic acids comprising a truncated PGK promoter operably linked to a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific to a tumor antigen as described herein, vectors encoding the same, and recombinant T cells comprising the CARs of the present invention. The invention also includes methods of administering a genetically modified T cell expressing a CAR that comprises an antigen binding domain that binds to a tumor antigen as described herein.
1. A nucleic acid molecule encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), wherein:
(a) the nucleic acid encoding the CAR is operably linked to a truncated PGK promoter, and the truncated PGK promoter has at least 100 nucleotides deletion in a wild-type (WT) PGK promoter set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1;
(b) the CAR comprises an antigen binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular signaling domain comprising a costimulatory domain, a primary signaling domain, or both of a costimulatory domain and a primary signaling domain; and
(c) when transduced into an immune cell, the CAR contributes to an inducible proliferation of the immune cell, and enhances the immune cell tumor infiltration when compared to an immune cell transduced with a CAR operably linked to a wild-type (WT) PGK promoter or an elongation Growth Factor-1α (EF-1 α) promoter.
2. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 , wherein said antigen binding domain binds to a tumor antigen selected from the group consisting of: mesothelin, c-Met, CD19, CD123, CD22, CD30, CD171, CS-1, CLL-1, CD33, EGFRvIII, GD2, GD3, BCMA, Tn Ag, PSMA, ROR1, FLT3, FAP, TAG72, CD38, CD44v6, CEA, EPCAM, B7H3, KIT, IL-13Ra2, IL-11Ra, PSCA, PRSS21, VEGFR2, LewisY, CD24, PDGFR-beta, SSEA-4, CD20, Folate receptor alpha, ERBB2 (Her2/neu), MUC1, EGFR, NCAM, Prostase, PAP, ELF2M, Ephrin B2, IGF-I receptor, CAIX, LMP2, gp100, bcr-abl, tyrosinase, EphA2, Fucosyl GM1, sLe, GM3, TGS5, HMWMAA, o-acetyl-GD2, Folate receptor beta, TEM1/CD248, TEM7R, CLDN6, TSHR, GPRC5D, CXORF61, CD97, CD179a, ALK, Plysialic acid, PLAC1, GloboH, NY-BR-1, UPK2, HAVCR1, ADRB3, PANX3, GPR20, LY6K, OR51E2, TARP, WT1, NY-ESO-1, LAGE-1a, MAGE-A1, legumain, HPV E6,E7, MAGE Al, ETV6-AML, sperm protein 17, XAGE1, Tie 2, MAD-CT-1, MAD-CT-2, Fas-related antigen 1, p53, p53 mutant, prostein, survivin and telomerase, PCTA-1/Galectin 8, MelanA/MART1, Ras mutant, hTERT, sarcoma translocation breakpoints, ML-IAP, ERG (TMPRSS2 ETS fusion gene), NA17, PAX3, Androgen receptor, Cyclin B1, MYCN, RhoC, TRP-2, CYP1B1, BORIS, SART3, PAX5, OY-TES1, LCK, AKAP-4, SSX2, RAGE-1, human telomerase reverse transcriptase, RU1, RU2, intestinal carboxyl esterase, mut hsp70-2, CD79a, CD79b, CD72, LAIR1, FCAR, LILRA2, CD300LF, CLEC12A, BST2, EMR2, LY75, GPC3, FCRL5, c-met, and IGLL1.
3. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 , wherein the truncated PGK promoter consists essentially of a sequence at least 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% identical to a sequence selected from the group consisting of PGK100 (SEQ ID NO: 2); PGK200 (SEQ ID NO: 3); PGK300 (SEQ ID NO: 4); and PGK400 (SEQ ID NO:5).
4. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 3 , wherein the truncated PGK promoter comprises 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, or 400 nucleotide deletion in the wild-type PGK promoter set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1.
5. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 , wherein:
(i) the truncated PGK promoter consists essentially of a fragment of the WT PGK promoter nucleic acid sequence having a deletion at positions −521 to −422 of SEQ ID NO: 1, positions −521 to −324 of SEQ ID NO: 1, positions −521 to −221 of SEQ ID NO: 1, positions −521 to −118 of SEQ ID NO: 1,
(ii) the truncated PGK promoter consists essentially of nucleic acids located at positions −1 to −422 of SEQ ID NO: 1, positions −1 to −324 of SEQ ID NO: 1, positions −1 to −221 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or positions −1 to −118 of SEQ ID NO: 1,
(iii) the truncated PGK promoter is modified but retains the ability to direct expression of a CAR, or
iv) the truncated PGK promoter consists of a nucleic acid sequence a fragment of the WT sequence at positions −521 to −422 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
6. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 , wherein:
(i) the costimulatory domain is a 41BB, CD27 or CD28 costimulatory domain,
(ii) the costimulatory domain comprises a CD28 costimulatory domain, or
(iii) the primary signaling domain is a CD3 zeta signaling domain.
7. A vector comprising the nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 .
8. The vector of claim 7 , wherein:
(i) the vector is selected from the group consisting of a DNA, a RNA, a plasmid, a lentivirus vector, adenoviral vector, and a retrovirus vector,
(ii) the vector comprises a truncated PGK promoter operably linked to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a CAR so as to direct transcription of the nucleic acid sequence encoding the CAR at a desired level,
(iii) the vector is an in vitro transcribed vector,
(iv) the vector comprises a poly(A) tail sequence, a 3′UTR, a peptide cleavage site, or any combination thereof,
(v) the vector comprises a T2A site,
(vi) the vector is a retroviral vector,
(vii) the vector is a lentiviral vector, or
(viii) the vector is a self-inactivating lentiviral vector.
9. A cell comprising the nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 .
10. The cell of claim 9 , wherein:
(i) the cell is a human T cell or a human NK cell, or
(ii) the cell is a human CD8+ T cell.
11. A method of making a cell comprising delivering the vector of claim 7 to the cell.
12. A method of treating a subject having a disease associated with expression of a tumor antigen, comprising administering to the subject the cell of claim 9 .
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein
the cell is autologous or allogeneic to the subject to be administered the cell.
14. A method of generating a population of RNA-engineered cells transiently expressing exogenous RNA, comprising contacting a population of cells with RNA transcribed from the nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 .
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein:
(i) the subject has a cancer,
(ii) the subject has a proliferative disease,
(iii) the subject has a cancer or malignancy or a precancerous condition,
(iv) the subject has a non-cancer related indication associated with expression of a tumor antigen,
(v) the subject has a hematologic cancer, leukemia, or lymphoma, or
(vi) the subject has a cancer selected from the group consisting of B-cell acute lymphoid leukemia (“BALL”), T-cell acute lymphoid leukemia (“TALL”), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), B cell prolymphocytic leukemia, blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm, Burkitt's lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, small cell- or a large cell-follicular lymphoma, malignant lymphoproliferative conditions, MALT lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, Marginal zone lymphoma, multiple myeloma, myelodysplasia and myelodysplastic syndrome, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma, plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, and any combination thereof.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the subject has a cancer and lymphocyte infusion is used in the treatment of the cancer, wherein the lymphocyte infusion comprises at least one CAR-expressing cell.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein:
(i) the cell is an immune effector cell,
(ii) the cell is a human T cell or a human NK cell,
(iii) the subject has received a previous stem cell transplantation,
(iv) the subject has received a previous autologous stem cell transplantation,
(v) the cell is administered in combination with an agent that increases the efficacy of a cell expressing a CAR molecule, an agent that ameliorates one or more side effect associated with administration of a cell expressing a CAR molecule, or an agent that treats a disease associated with a tumor antigen,
(vi) the cell expresses two or more CAR molecules, or
(vii) the cell is a population of cells.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein the vector is transcribed as an mRNA molecule, and the CAR is translated from the RNA molecule and expressed on the surface of the cell.
19. The nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the truncated PGK promoter comprises a partial deletion at the 3′ end of the WT PGK promoter.
20. The nucleic acid of claim 1 , the truncated PGK promoter comprises a partial deletion, wherein the partial deletion is from the 5′ end of the WT PGK promoter.
21. The nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the truncated PGK promoter consists essentially of PGK100 (SEQ ID NO: 2).