Method and system for predictive battery thermal management in an electric vehicle
A method for controlling cooling of a traction battery in an electric vehicle where the method comprises determining a battery temperature profile for a segment of a planned route based on route information describing a route from a starting point to a destination and based on a current battery status and determining a battery cooling profile for the segment of the route based on the battery temperature profile. By means of the route information and the state of the battery, the battery cooling profile can be determined in order to minimize the power required for cooling the battery. Since the route information can provide information relating to a range of parameters which influence the power consumption along the route, the cooling needs of the battery can also be estimated for the route as a whole.
1. A method for controlling cooling of a traction battery in an electric vehicle, the method comprising, in a battery cooling control unit:
determining a battery temperature profile for a segment of a planned route based on route information describing a route from a starting point to a destination and based on a current battery status; and
determining a battery cooling profile for the segment of the planned route based on the battery temperature profile, wherein determining the battery cooling profile comprises:
detecting a cooling region in the battery temperature profile where the battery temperature is decreasing without actively cooling the battery; and
determining the battery cooling profile so that the battery temperature is at a predetermined temperature value when reaching the cooling region.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the battery cooling profile is determined to minimize the power required for cooling the battery for the planned route.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the predetermined temperature value is higher than a target battery temperature and lower than a maximum allowable battery temperature.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the length of the segment is based on speed limits of roads of the route.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a length of the segment is based on locations of charging stations along the route.
6. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising determining a battery temperature profile and a battery cooling profile for a plurality of segments.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the route information comprises information of planned stops.
8. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising determining a current battery status by determining a temperature, a state-of-charge, and/or a state-of-health of the battery.
9. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising acquiring traffic information and/or weather information for the planned route.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the battery cooling profile for the planned route is determined at least partially based on a previously measured battery temperature profile for the same route.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a battery cooling profile is determined based on a target temperature and an allowable temperature range.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein determining a battery temperature profile comprises determining a battery current profile.
13. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising detecting a deviation from the planned route and updating the battery cooling profile based on the detected deviation.
14. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising, if a measured battery temperature deviates from an expected battery temperature based on the battery temperature profile by more than a predetermined difference value, determining a new battery temperature profile for the current segment.
15. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising controlling a battery cooling system based on a determined battery cooling profile.
16. A battery thermal management system control unit configured to perform the method according to claim 1 .
17. A battery thermal management system comprising a battery cooling system arranged and configured to cool a traction battery of a vehicle and a battery thermal management system control unit programmed to:
determine a battery temperature profile for a planned route based on route information describing a route from a starting point to a destination and based on a current battery status; and
determine a battery cooling profile for the route based on the battery temperature profile, wherein determining the battery cooling profile comprises:
detecting a cooling region in the battery temperature profile where the battery temperature is decreasing without actively cooling the battery; and determining the battery cooling profile so that the battery temperature is at a predetermined temperature value when reaching the cooling region.
18. The battery thermal management system according to claim 17 , wherein the battery thermal management system control unit is further programmed to control the cooling system to cool the battery according to the determined battery cooling profile during the route.
19. A vehicle comprising the battery thermal management system according to claim 17 .