Methods for bleaching phospholipid compositions
Methods for reducing the color of phospholipid compositions comprising lecithin are disclosed. The phospholipid composition is exposed to ultraviolet light to reduce the color of the composition. The phospholipid composition may be diluted and/or heated prior to exposure to ultraviolet light to improve the flow properties of the composition. The phospholipid composition may be cooled and/or concentrated after color reduction.
1. A method for preparing a phospholipid composition comprising:
providing a phospholipid-containing oil;
hydrating phospholipids in the phospholipid-containing oil to produce a gum, the gum comprising lecithin;
drying the gum to produce a phospholipid composition comprising lecithin; and
exposing the phospholipid composition to ultraviolet light to reduce the color of the phospholipid composition, wherein exposing the phospholipid composition to ultraviolet light comprises continuously pumping the phospholipid composition into a reactor and continuously discharging the phospholipid composition from the reactor, the phospholipid composition being exposed to ultraviolet light at a wavelength from 190 nm to 400 nm in the reactor.
2. The method as set forth in claim 1 further comprising separating the gum from the phospholipid-containing oil.
3. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the phospholipid composition is exposed to ultraviolet light at a wavelength from 190 nm to 400 nm for at least 0.5 hours.
4. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the phospholipid composition is exposed to ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 254 nm for at least 0.5 hours.
5. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the phospholipid containing oil is obtained from a vegetable, algae, animal, or egg.
6. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein exposing the phospholipid composition to ultraviolet light reduces the color by 1.5 points on the Gardner scale.
7. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the phospholipid-containing oil, the gum, and the phospholipid composition are not contacted with hydrogen peroxide or other oxidizing agent.
8. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein at least one of the phospholipid-containing oil, the gum, and the phospholipid composition are reacted with hydrogen peroxide or other oxidizing agent.
9. The method as set forth in claim 1 further comprising diluting the phospholipid composition prior to exposing the composition to ultraviolet light.
10. The method as set forth in claim 9 further comprising heating the phospholipid composition prior to exposing the composition to ultraviolet light.
11. The method as set forth in claim 10 further comprising:
cooling the phospholipid composition after exposing the composition to ultraviolet light; and
concentrating the phospholipid composition after exposing the composition to ultraviolet light.
12. A method for bleaching a phospholipid composition comprising:
providing a phospholipid composition comprising from 50 wt % to 80 wt % lecithin on a dry basis; and
exposing the phospholipid composition to ultraviolet light at a wavelength from 190 nm to 400 nm for at least 0.5 hours.
13. The method as set forth in claim 12 wherein the phospholipid composition is a gum extracted from a phospholipid-containing crude oil.
14. The method as set forth in claim 12 wherein the phospholipid composition is exposed to ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 254 nm for at least 0.5 hours.
15. The method as set forth in claim 12 wherein exposing the phospholipid composition to ultraviolet light reduces the color by 1.5 points on the Gardner scale.
16. The method as set forth in claim 12 wherein the phospholipid composition is not contacted with hydrogen peroxide or other oxidizing agent before being exposed to ultraviolet light.
17. The method as set forth in claim 12 wherein the phospholipid composition is not contacted with hydrogen peroxide or other oxidizing agent after being exposed to ultraviolet light.
18. The method as set forth in claim 12 wherein the phospholipid composition is contacted with hydrogen peroxide before being exposed to ultraviolet light.
19. The method as set forth in claim 12 wherein the phospholipid composition is contacted with hydrogen peroxide after being exposed to ultraviolet light.
20. The method as set forth in claim 12 comprising continuously pumping the phospholipid composition into a reactor and continuously discharging the phospholipid composition from the reactor, the phospholipid composition being exposed to ultraviolet light at a wavelength from 190 nm to 400 nm in the reactor.