Method and pharmaceutical composition for treating depression
A method for treating a subject with depression characterized by having an increased burst firing in neurons of a lateral habenula in the subject is provided. The method includes a step of administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition capable of inhibiting the burst firing in the lateral habenula of the subject. The pharmaceutical composition includes one or more active pharmaceutical agents, which can suppress the burst firing in the lateral habenula of the subject and can include at least one of an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) inhibitor or a T-type calcium channel inhibitor. The pharmaceutical composition can be in a formulation allowing for local administration to the lateral habenula of the subject, or can be in a formulation configured for systemic administration to the subject. A method for testing a test substance for an antidepressive effect is also provided.
1. A method for treating a depression in a subject, comprising:
examining whether neurons of a lateral habenula (LHb) of the subject have an increased burst firing; and
if so, administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition that inhibits the burst firing in the LHb of the subject, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises at least one of an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) inhibitor or a T-type calcium channel inhibitor.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition that inhibits the burst firing in the LHb of the subject comprises:
administering the pharmaceutical composition locally to the LHb of the subject.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition that inhibits the burst firing in the lateral habenula of the subject comprises:
administering the pharmaceutical composition systemically to the subject.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) inhibitor.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the NMDAR inhibitor is a competitive NMDA receptor inhibitor, a non-competitive NMDA receptor inhibitor, an uncompetitive NMDA receptor channel blocker, or a glycine binding site inhibitor.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a T-type calcium channel inhibitor.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the T-type calcium channel inhibitor is a succinimide, a hydantoin, zonisamide, sodium valproate, phenytoin, mibefradil, sipatrigine, a piperazine analogue, a piperidine analogue, TTA-P1, TTA-P2, quinazolinone, pimozide, trimethadione, dimethadione, TTA-Q4, or ML218.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) inhibitor and a T-type calcium channel inhibitor.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein a dose of one or both of the NMDA receptor inhibitor and the T-type calcium channel inhibitor is lower than an effective dose thereof when administered alone.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition does not inhibit tonic firing in the lateral habenula of the subject.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition allows for fast-acting treatment of the depression.