Cement slurries and methods for cementing a casing in a wellbore
According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a cement slurry includes cement particles, an aqueous fluid in an amount of from 10 wt. % to 70 wt. % relative to the total weight of the cement particles, and a clay stabilizer consisting of one or more polyethylene polyamines having a first structure H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 (NHCH 2 CH 2 ) x NH 2 , where x is an integer greater than or equal to 3. The amount of the clay stabilizer may be from 1 wt. % to 10 wt. % relative to the total weight of the cement particles. The average molecular weight of the polyethylene polyamines in the cement slurry having the first chemical structure may be from 200 g/mol to 400 g/mol. All of the polyethylene polyamines in the cement slurry having the first chemical structure may be encompassed in the clay stabilizer. Methods for cementing a casing in a wellbore using the cement slurry are also disclosed.
1. A cement slurry comprising:
cement particles;
an aqueous fluid in an amount of from 10 wt. % to 70 wt. % relative to the total weight of the cement particles; and
a clay stabilizer consisting of a mixture of polyethylene polyamines, where the polyethylene polyamines of the mixture have a structure H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 (NHCH 2 CH 2 ) x NH 2 , where x is an integer greater than or equal to 3, wherein:
the amount of the clay stabilizer is from 1 wt. % to 10 wt. % relative to the total weight of the cement particles;
the average molecular weight of the mixture of polyethylene polyamines in the cement slurry having the structure is from 200 g/mol to 400 g/mol; and
all of the polyethylene polyamines in the cement slurry having the structure are encompassed in the clay stabilizer.
2. The cement slurry of claim 1 , wherein the cement particles comprise Portland cement, siliceous fly ash, calcareous fly ash, slag cement, silica fume, quartz, calcium hydroxide, silicates, oxides, belite (Ca 2 SiO 5 ), alite (Ca 3 SiO 4 ), tricalcium aluminate (Ca 3 Al 2 O 6 ), tetracalcium aluminoferrite (Ca 4 Al 2 Fe 2 O 10 ), brownmilleriate (4CaO.Al 2 O 3 .Fe 2 O 3 ), gypsum (CaSO 4 .2H 2 O) sodium oxide, potassium oxide, limestone, lime (calcium oxide), hexavalent chromium, trivalent chromium, calcium aluminate, silica sand, silica flour, hematite, manganese tetroxide, or combinations of these.
3. The cement slurry of claim 1 , wherein the polyethylene polyamines having the structure comprise linear polyethylene polyamines, cyclic polyethylene polyamines, branched polyethylene polyamines, or combinations of these.
4. The cement slurry of claim 1 , wherein the polyethylene polyamines having the structure comprise tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, hexaethyleneheptamine, or combinations of these.
5. The cement slurry of claim 4 , wherein the sum of the weight percent of the tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, and hexaethyleneheptamine is at least 50 wt. % of the mixture of polyethylene polyamines having the structure.
6. The cement slurry of claim 1 , further comprising one or more additives selected from accelerators, retarders, extenders, suspending agents, weighting agents, fluid loss control agents, lost circulation control agents, surfactants, and antifoaming agents.
7. The cement slurry of claim 6 , wherein the cement slurry comprises the one or more additives in an amount of from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % relative to the total weight of the cement particles.
8. The cement slurry of claim 1 , wherein the cement slurry has a gel strength after 10 seconds of from 1 lbf/100 ft 2 to 15 lbf/100 ft 2 .
9. The cement slurry of claim 1 , wherein the cement slurry has a gel strength after 10 minutes of from 1 lbf/100 ft 2 to 25 lbf/100 ft 2 .
10. The cement slurry of claim 1 , wherein the cement slurry has a density of from 50 pcf to 150 pcf.
11. A method for cementing a casing in a wellbore, the method comprising:
pumping a cement slurry into an annulus between the casing and the wellbore; and
curing the cement slurry;
where the cement slurry comprises:
cement particles;
an aqueous fluid in an amount of from 10 wt. % to 70 wt. % relative to the total weight of the cement particles; and
a clay stabilizer consisting of a mixture of polyethylene polyamines, where the polyethylene polyamines of the mixture have a structure H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 (NHCH 2 CH 2 ) x NH 2 , where x is an integer greater than or equal to 3, wherein:
the amount of the clay stabilizer is from 1 wt. % to 10 wt. % relative to the total weight of the cement particles;
the average molecular weight of the mixture of polyethylene polyamines in the cement slurry having the structure is from 200 g/mol to 400 g/mol; and
all of the polyethylene polyamines in the cement slurry having the structure are encompassed in the clay stabilizer.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the cement particles comprise Portland cement, siliceous fly ash, calcareous fly ash, slag cement, silica fume, quartz, calcium hydroxide, silicates, oxides, belite (Ca 2 SiO 5 ), alite (Ca 3 SiO 4 ), tricalcium aluminate (Ca 3 Al 2 O 6 ), tetracalcium aluminoferrite (Ca 4 Al 2 Fe 2 O 10 ), brownmilleriate (4CaO.Al 2 O 3 .Fe 2 O 3 ), gypsum (CaSO 4 .2H 2 O) sodium oxide, potassium oxide, limestone, lime (calcium oxide), hexavalent chromium, trivalent chromium, calcium aluminate, silica sand, silica flour, hematite, manganese tetroxide, or combinations of these.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the polyethylene polyamines having the structure comprise linear polyethylene polyamines, cyclic polyethylene polyamines, branched polyethylene polyamines, or combinations of these.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the polyethylene polyamines having the structure comprise tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, hexaethyleneheptamine, or combinations of these.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the sum of the weight percent of the tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, and hexaethyleneheptamine is at least 50 wt. % of the mixture of polyethylene polyamines having the structure.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein the cement slurry further comprises one or more additives selected from accelerators, retarders, extenders, suspending agents, weighting agents, fluid loss control agents, lost circulation control agents, surfactants, and antifoaming agents.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the cement slurry comprises the one or more additives in an amount of from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % relative to the total weight of the cement particles.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein the cement slurry has a gel strength after 10 seconds of from 1 lbf/100 ft 2 to 15 lbf/100 ft 2 .
19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the cement slurry has a gel strength after 10 minutes of from 1 lbf/100 ft 2 to 25 lbf/100 ft 2 .
20. The method of claim 11 , wherein the cement slurry has a density of from 50 pcf to 150 pcf.