Lithium-ion battery anode including preloaded lithium
An energy storage device includes a nano-structured cathode. The cathode includes a conductive substrate, an underframe and an active layer. The underframe includes structures such as nano-filaments and/or aerogel. The active layer optionally includes a catalyst disposed within the active layer, the catalyst being configured to catalyze the dissociation of cathode active material.
1. A battery comprising:
a cathode;
an electrolyte; and
an anode, the anode including:
a substrate;
a plurality of support structures attached to the substrate;
an active layer disposed on the support structures; and
an over-layer disposed between the active layer and the electrolyte, with the over-layer including nanoparticles.
2. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the over-layer has a thickness between 1 and 101 nm.
3. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles have an average diameter between 1 and 115 nm.
4. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the over-layer is configured to encapsulate the active layer.
5. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the over-layer is configured to encapsulate the active layer.
6. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the support structures are attached to the substrate using a binder.
7. The method of claim 3 , wherein the active layer includes silicon.
8. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the over-layer is configured to act as a barrier between the electrolyte and the active layer.