Turbine blade, and turbine and gas turbine including the same
A turbine blade that allows an improvement in torque and power, and a turbine and gas turbine including the same are provided. The turbine blade includes an airfoil having a suction side and a pressure side, a platform coupled to a bottom of the airfoil, and a root protruding downward from the platform and coupled to a rotor disk, wherein the airfoil includes a cooling passage formed therein and a discharge hole connected to an upper portion of the cooling passage to discharge cooling air, and the discharge hole is inclined toward a tip of the turbine blade while extending from an inside to an outside thereof.
1. A turbine blade of a turbine comprising:
an airfoil having a suction side and a pressure side, a platform coupled to a bottom of the airfoil, and a root protruding downward from the platform and coupled to a rotor disk,
wherein the airfoil comprises a cooling passage formed therein, a discharge hole connected to an upper portion of the cooling passage to discharge cooling air, and a plurality of cooling holes formed to discharge cooling air,
wherein the discharge hole is inclined toward a tip of the turbine blade while extending from an inside to an outside thereof,
wherein a diameter of the discharge hole is larger than a thickness of a sidewall of the turbine blade and is larger than a diameter of each of the plurality of cooling holes wherein a radially innermost point of an outlet of the discharge hole formed on the pressure side is disposed, with respect to a central axis of the turbine, higher than a radially outermost point of an outlet of each of the plurality of cooling holes formed on the pressure side; and the plurality of cooling holes extends in a first direction that is different from a second direction in which the discharge hole extends when viewed in a cross section along a thickness direction of the airfoil.
2. The turbine blade according to claim 1 , wherein the discharge hole is formed only on the pressure side.
3. The turbine blade according to claim 2 , wherein the discharge hole extends parallel to a rotational direction of the turbine blade.
4. The turbine blade according to claim 1 , wherein the discharge hole is inclined toward a leading edge of the turbine blade while extending from the inside to the outside thereof.
5. The turbine blade according to claim 1 , wherein the discharge hole forms an inclination angle with a plane perpendicular to a height direction of the turbine blade, the inclination angle being 5 to 15 degrees or 35 to 45 degrees.
6. The turbine blade according to claim 1 , wherein the airfoil further comprises a tip plate connected to the suction side and the pressure side and disposed outward, the tip plate being a closed plate having no opening.
7. The turbine blade according to claim 6 , wherein:
the cooling passage is provided with a flow extension connected to the discharge hole, the flow extension protruding into the cooling passage; and
the flow extension comprises an upper extension protruding obliquely with respect to an inner surface of the tip plate and a side extension protruding obliquely with respect to the pressure side.
8. The turbine blade according to claim 6 , wherein:
the cooling passage is provided with a flow guide connected to the discharge hole, the flow guide protruding into the cooling passage; and
the flow guide comprises a first guide protruding from a lower surface of the tip plate and the suction side to be connected to the discharge hole and a second guide protruding from the pressure side to be connected to the discharge hole, the first guide being formed of a curved surface.
9. The turbine blade according to claim 1 , wherein the discharge hole comprises a compression passage whose inner diameter gradually decreases outward, and a guide passage extending from the compression passage to the pressure side and having a uniform inner diameter, wherein a centerline extending from an inlet of the compression passage onto an outlet of the guide passage is straight.
10. The turbine blade according to claim 1 , wherein:
a blowing ratio is defined as the product of a discharge velocity of air exiting the turbine blade and a density of the air divided by the product of a velocity of combustion gas passing through an outer surface of the turbine blade and a density of the combustion gas; and
the blowing ratio of the air exiting through the discharge hole and the combustion gas passing through the turbine blade is 4 to 10.
11. A turbine comprising:
a rotor disk configured to be rotatable; and
a plurality of turbine blades installed on the rotor disk,
wherein each of the turbine blades comprises an airfoil having a suction side and a pressure side, a platform coupled to a bottom of the airfoil, and a root protruding downward from the platform and coupled to the rotor disk,
wherein the airfoil comprises a cooling passage formed therein, a discharge hole connected to an upper portion of the cooling passage to discharge cooling air, and a plurality of cooling holes formed to discharge cooling air; and the discharge hole is inclined toward a tip of the turbine blade while extending from an inside to an outside thereof, and
wherein a diameter of the discharge hole is larger than a thickness of a sidewall of the turbine blade and is larger than a diameter of each of the plurality of cooling holes wherein a radially innermost point of an outlet of the discharge hole formed on the pressure side is disposed, with respect to a central axis of the turbine, higher than a radially outermost point of an outlet of each of the plurality of cooling holes formed on the pressure side; and the plurality of cooling holes extends in a first direction that is different from a second direction in which the discharge hole extends when viewed in a cross section along a thickness direction of the airfoil.
12. The turbine according to claim 11 , wherein the discharge hole is formed only in the pressure side among the suction side and the pressure side.
13. The turbine according to claim 12 , wherein the discharge hole extends parallel to a rotational direction of the turbine blade.
14. The turbine according to claim 11 , wherein the discharge hole is inclined toward a leading edge of the turbine blade while extending from the inside to the outside thereof.
15. The turbine according to claim 11 , wherein the discharge hole forms an inclination angle with a plane perpendicular to a height direction of the turbine blade, the inclination angle being 5 to 15 degrees or 35 to 45 degrees.
16. The turbine according to claim 11 , wherein the airfoil further comprises a tip plate connected to the suction side and the pressure side and disposed outward, the tip plate being a closed plate having no opening.
17. The turbine according to claim 16 , wherein:
the cooling passage is provided with a flow extension connected to the discharge hole, the flow extension protruding into the cooling passage; and
the flow extension comprises an upper extension protruding obliquely with respect to an inner surface of the tip plate and a side extension protruding obliquely with respect to the pressure side.
18. A gas turbine comprising:
a compressor configured to compress air introduced thereinto from an outside;
a combustor configured to mix fuel with air compressed by the compressor for combustion; and
a turbine including a plurality of turbine blades rotated by combustion gas produced by the combustor,
wherein each of the turbine blades comprises an airfoil having a suction side and a pressure side, a platform coupled to a bottom of the airfoil, and a root protruding downward from the platform and coupled to the rotor disk,
wherein the airfoil comprises a cooling passage formed therein, a discharge hole connected to an upper portion of the cooling passage to discharge cooling air, and a plurality of cooling holes formed to discharge cooling air; and the discharge hole is inclined toward a tip of the turbine blade while extending from an inside to an outside thereof, and
wherein a diameter of the discharge hole is larger than a thickness of a sidewall of the turbine blade and is larger than a diameter of each of the plurality of cooling holes wherein a radially innermost point of an outlet of the discharge hole formed on the pressure side is disposed, with respect to a central axis of the turbine, higher than a radially outermost point of an outlet of each of the plurality of cooling holes formed on the pressure side; and the plurality of cooling holes extends in a first direction that is different from a second direction in which the discharge hole extends when viewed in a cross section along a thickness direction of the airfoil.