Particle size control of supported chromium catalysts in loop slurry polymerization reactors
Supported chromium catalysts containing a solid oxide and 0.1 to 15 wt. % chromium, in which the solid oxide or the supported chromium catalyst has a particle size span from 0.5 to 1.4, less than 3 wt. % has a particle size greater than 100 μm, and less than 10 wt. % has a particle size less than 10 μm, can be contacted with an olefin monomer in a loop slurry reactor to produce an olefin polymer. Representative ethylene-based polymers produced using the chromium catalysts have a HLMI of 4 to 70 g/10 min, a density from 0.93 to 0.96 g/cm 3 , from 150 to 680 ppm solid oxide (such as silica), from 1.5 to 6.8 ppm chromium, and a film gel count of less than 15 catalyst particle gels per ft 2 of 25 micron thick film and/or a gel count of less than or equal to 50 catalyst particles of greater than 100 μm per five grams of the ethylene polymer.
1. A supported chromium catalyst comprising a solid oxide and from 0.1 to 15 wt. % chromium, wherein the supported chromium catalyst is characterized by:
(A1) an amount of the supported chromium catalyst with a particle size greater than 100 μm of less than or equal to 3 wt. %;
(A2) a particle size span ((d90−d10)/d50) in a range from 0.5 to 1.4; and
(A3) a d10 particle size in a range from 11 to 22 μm.
2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the solid oxide is silica, silica-alumina, silica-coated alumina, silica-titania, silica-titania-magnesia, silica-zirconia, silica-magnesia, silica-boria, aluminophosphate-silica, or any combination thereof.
3. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein the catalyst comprises from 0.5 to 2 wt. % chromium.
4. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein the solid oxide is silica and/or silica-titania.
5. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the particle size span is from 0.6 to 1.35.
6. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the particle size span is from 0.7 to 1.1.
7. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst contains less than or equal to 3 wt. % carbon.
8. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein at least 80 wt. % of the chromium is present in an oxidation state of three or less.
9. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein at least 60 wt. % of the chromium is present in an oxidation state of six (Cr+6).
10. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is further characterized by:
a d50 average particle size from 15 to 60 μm; and
a ratio of d80/d20 from 1.3 to 2.8.
11. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is further characterized by:
a d50 average particle size from 17 to 32 μm; and
a d95 particle size from 30 to 55 μm.
12. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein less than or equal to 1 wt. % of the supported chromium catalyst has a particle size greater than 100 μm.
13. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein:
the solid oxide is silica, silica-alumina, silica-coated alumina, silica-titania, silica-titania-magnesia, silica-zirconia, silica-magnesia, silica-boria, aluminophosphate-silica, or any combination thereof; and
at least 80 wt. % of the chromium is present in an oxidation state of three or less.
14. The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the catalyst is further characterized by:
a d50 average particle size from 15 to 60 μm; and
a ratio of d80/d20 from 1.3 to 2.8.
15. The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the particle size span is from 0.6 to 1.35.
16. The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein:
the catalyst comprises from 0.5 to 2 wt. % chromium; and
the solid oxide is silica, silica-coated alumina, or silica-titania.
17. The catalyst of claim 16 , wherein:
less than or equal to 1 wt. % of the supported chromium catalyst has a particle size greater than 100 μm; and
less than or equal to 3 wt. % of the supported chromium catalyst has a particle size less than 10 μm.
18. The catalyst of claim 16 , wherein the particle size span is from 0.7 to 1.1.
19. The catalyst of claim 16 , wherein the catalyst is further characterized by:
a d50 average particle size from 17 to 32 μm; and
a d95 particle size from 30 to 55 μm.
20. The catalyst of claim 16 , wherein the catalyst contains, independently, less than 0.1 ppm of Mg, V, Ti, Zr, or Hf.
21. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein:
the solid oxide is silica, silica-alumina, silica-coated alumina, silica-titania, silica-titania-magnesia, silica-zirconia, silica-magnesia, silica-boria, aluminophosphate-silica, or any combination thereof; and
at least 60 wt. % of the chromium is present in an oxidation state of six (Cr+6).
22. The catalyst of claim 21 , wherein the catalyst is further characterized by:
a d50 average particle size from 15 to 60 μm; and
a ratio of d80/d20 from 1.3 to 2.8.
23. The catalyst of claim 21 , wherein the particle size span is from 0.6 to 1.35.
24. The catalyst of claim 21 , wherein:
the catalyst comprises from 0.5 to 2 wt. % chromium; and
the solid oxide is silica, silica-coated alumina, or silica-titania.
25. The catalyst of claim 24 , wherein:
less than or equal to 1 wt. % of the supported chromium catalyst has a particle size greater than 100 μm; and
less than or equal to 3 wt. % of the supported chromium catalyst has a particle size less than 10 μm.
26. The catalyst of claim 24 , wherein the particle size span is from 0.7 to 1.1.
27. The catalyst of claim 24 , wherein the catalyst is further characterized by:
a d50 average particle size from 17 to 32 μm; and
a d95 particle size from 30 to 55 μm.
28. The catalyst of claim 24 , wherein the catalyst contains, independently, less than 0.1 ppm of Mg, V, Ti, Zr, or Hf.