Transceiver for a can bus system and method for detecting a short circuit using a can transceiver

1. A transceiver for a user station of a plurality of user stations of a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus system, comprising:

a transmitter to transmit a transmission signal to a first bus wire of a bus of the CAN bus system, collision-free access to the bus of the bus system by the user station being ensured in the bus system, and configured to transmit the transmission signal to a second bus wire of the bus;

a receiver to receive the bus signal transmitted on the first and second bus wires; and

a diagnostic unit to detect a short circuit in the bus system, and to carry out a diagnosis only in a predetermined communication phase of the bus signal;

wherein each of the user stations includes a communication control device for controlling a communication of the user station with another one of the user stations connected to bus,

wherein the transceiver is connected via first and second bus wires at first and second terminals to the bus via a common mode choke having an inductance, wherein at a transceiver, a voltage supply is provided via a third terminal, wherein a connection of the transceiver to a ground is established via a fourth terminal, and wherein a terminating device is provided for terminating the first and second bus wires, and

wherein in the transceiver, the first and second bus wires are connected to the transmitter and the receiver, wherein a connector unit, which is for driving the signals via terminals to the communication control device, is connected to the transmitter and to the receiver.

2. The transceiver as recited in claim 1 , wherein the diagnostic unit is configured to carry out the diagnosis in the communication phase of the bus signal: (i) in which a transmission rate of the bus signal is equal to or less than 500 Kilobit per second (kbit/s) when a common mode choke having an inductance of 100 micro-Henries (μH) is connected upstream from the transceiver, and/or (ii) in which the transmission rate of the bus signal is lower than in another communication phase of the bus signal.

3. The transceiver as recited in claim 1 , wherein the diagnostic unit is designed to carry out the diagnosis in an arbitration phase in which a determination is made as to which of a plurality of user stations is next to temporarily obtain the, collision-free access to the bus of the bus system.

4. The transceiver as recited in claim 1 , wherein the diagnostic unit is configured to carry out the diagnosis with regard to a predetermined bit sequence.

5. The transceiver as recited in claim 4 , wherein the predetermined bit sequence determines an end of a message that is to be transmitted via the bus.

6. The transceiver as recited in claim 4 , wherein the diagnostic unit is configured to carry out the diagnosis only with regard to a portion of the predetermined bit sequence.

7. The transceiver as recited in claim 4 , wherein the predetermined bit sequence is transmitted in a communication phase in which multiple user stations transmit at the same time.

8. The transceiver as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:

a reception comparator to receive the bus signals;

a communication phase detection block connected in parallel to inputs of the reception comparator, the communication phase detection block configured to detect a present communication phase of the bus signal;

wherein the diagnostic unit is configured to activate or deactivate its diagnosis based on a detection result of the communication phase detection block.

9. A bus system, comprising:

a bus; and

at least two user stations that are connected to one another via the bus so that they are able to communicate with one another, at least one of the at least two user stations including a transceiver for a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus system, the transceiver including a transmitter to transmit a transmission signal to a first bus wire of a bus of the CAN bus system, collision-free access to the bus of the bus system by a user station being ensured in the bus system, and to transmit the transmission signal to a second bus wire of the bus, a receiver to receive the bus signal transmitted on the first and second bus wires, and a diagnostic unit to detect a short circuit in the bus system, the diagnostic unit being configured to carry out a diagnosis only in a predetermined communication phase of the bus signal;

wherein each of the user stations includes a communication control device for controlling a communication of the user station with another one of the user stations connected to bus, and wherein the transceiver is connected via first and second bus wires at first and second terminals to the bus via a common mode choke having an inductance, wherein at a transceiver, a voltage supply is provided via a third terminal, wherein a connection of the transceiver to a ground is established via a fourth terminal, and wherein a terminating device is provided for terminating the first and second bus wires, and

wherein in the transceiver, the first and second bus wires are connected to the transmitter and the receiver, wherein a connector unit, which is for driving the signals via terminals to the communication control device, is connected to the transmitter and to the receiver.

10. A method for detecting a short circuit using a transceiver of a user station of a plurality of user stations of a Controller Area Network (CAN) transceiver, the method comprising:

transmitting, via a transmitter, a transmission signal to a first bus wire of a bus;

transmitting the transmission signal to a second bus wire of the bus;

receiving, via a receiver, the bus signal that is transmitted on the first and second bus wires; and

carrying out a diagnosis, using a diagnostic unit of the transceiver, only in a predetermined communication phase of the bus signal to detect a short circuit in the bus system;

wherein the method is performed using the transceiver for the bus system, in which collision-free access to the bus of the bus system by a user station is ensured, the transceiver including the transmitter, the receiver, and the diagnostic unit,

wherein each of the user stations includes a communication control device for controlling a communication of the user station with another one of the user stations connected to bus, and wherein the transceiver is connected via first and second bus wires at first and second terminals to the bus via a common mode choke having an inductance, wherein at a transceiver, a voltage supply is provided via a third terminal, wherein a connection of the transceiver to a ground is established via a fourth terminal, and wherein a terminating device is provided for terminating the first and second bus wires, and

wherein in the transceiver, the first and second bus wires are connected to the transmitter and the receiver, wherein a connector unit, which is for driving the signals via terminals to the communication control device, is connected to the transmitter and to the receiver.