Electrochemical attachment of phosphonic acids to metallic substrates and antimicrobial medical devices containing same
A method of preparing a modified-metal surface. The method includes preparing a solution of a phosphorous-based acid in a solvent; immersing a strip of the metal work piece into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid; immersing a strip of a reference metal into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid; supplying a voltage for a duration of time to prepare a phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; removing the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; cleaning and drying the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; applying a chitosan solution to the surface in order to attach chitosan/modified chitosan to the phosphorous acid based modified surface; prepare the modified-metal surface; and cleaning and drying the modified-metal surface.
1. An article, comprising:
a work piece having a modified-metal surface,
wherein the modified-metal surface comprises a chitosan modified with a quaternary ammonium salt, and
wherein the chitosan is connected to a surface of the work piece via a phosphorous-based acid linker.
2. The article according to claim 1 , wherein the phosphorous-based acid is a phosphonic acid, a phosphoric acid, a phosphinic acid, or mixtures thereof.
3. The article according to claim 2 , wherein the phosphonic acid is 11-phosphono-1-undecanol.
4. The article according to claim 1 , wherein the article has an antibacterial effect.
5. The article according to claim 1 , wherein the metal is selected from a Ti or a Ti alloy.
6. The article according to claim 1 , wherein the chitosan is connected to the phosphorous-based acid linker via a carbonyldiimidazolyl moiety.