Photovoltaic and thermal solar panel
The invention relates to a hybrid solar panel comprising: a photovoltaic module; a heat exchanger arranged opposite in the rear surface of said photovoltaic module; a cooling fluid circulating in said exchanger; the heat exchanger including a heat exchange area; inner channels extending over the entire surface of the exchange area; the heat exchange area is made up of a double cellular plate with cells provided in the form of adjacent inner channels in fluid communication with the intake and discharge areas, characterised in that: the side ends are sealed; the plate comprises openings made in the lower wall in order to establish fluid communication between each channel and the intake and discharge areas, respectively; and the intake and discharge areas are provided in the form of collectors placed on the lower wall at the openings, so that said upper wall remains planar over the entire surface thereof.
1. A hybrid solar panel comprising:
a photovoltaic module comprising a front face and a rear face,
a heat exchanger arranged opposite the rear face of said photovoltaic module,
a cooling fluid circulating in said heat exchanger in such a way as to recuperate heat of said photovoltaic module,
the heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange region arranged beneath said photovoltaic module and wherein the cooling fluid flows, which fluid flows between an inlet zone and a discharge zone of the heat exchanger,
the heat exchanger comprising inner channels extending over an entire surface of the exchange region,
the heat exchange region being formed by a double-walled hollow sheet, the hollow sheet being a single piece structure, wherein the hollow sheet comprises an upper wall and a lower wall extending between two lateral ends of the hollow sheet, and wherein cells are arranged between the two lateral ends of the hollow sheet, and the cells are in the form of adjacent inner channels, the adjacent inner channels being in fluidic communication with the inlet and discharge zones,
wherein:
the lateral ends of the hollow sheet are blocked, the lateral ends and two longitudinal edges delimiting the hollow sheet,
the hollow sheet comprises a first opening arranged in the lower wall thereof, the first opening leading into each of the inner channels to place in fluidic communication each channel with the inlet zone, and the hollow sheet comprises a second opening provided in the lower wall thereof, the second opening leading into each of the inner channels to place in fluidic communication each channel with the discharge zone,
each of the first and second openings has a rectangular shape extending along a width of the hollow sheet parallel to the blocked lateral ends and perpendicularly to the longitudinal edges of the hollow sheet,
the inlet and discharge zones are in the form of collectors placed along the lower wall of the hollow sheet at the first and second openings, such that the upper wall of the hollow sheet lies flat over the entire surface thereof.
2. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein the entire upper wall of the hollow sheet is flat.
3. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is made of polypropylene.
4. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein each collector is welded to the hollow sheet at one of the openings.
5. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein each collector is in the form of a watertight parallelepiped box which extends in the width of the hollow sheet.
6. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein each collector is equipped with a connector, which is not angled, oriented toward the outside of the panel, the connectors being offset from one another.
7. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein the depth of the collectors is greater than the height of the inner channels.
8. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein the hybrid solar panel is formed by successive stacking of the following elements, arranged from the front face of the photovoltaic module toward the lower wall of the exchanger:
a layer or plate of a transparent material defining the front face of the photovoltaic module,
a first layer of an encapsulating material in intimate contact with the layer or plate of transparent material,
at least one photovoltaic element in intimate contact with the first layer of encapsulating material,
a second layer of an encapsulating material in intimate contact with the at least one photovoltaic element,
the hollow sheet in intimate contact with the second layer of encapsulating material,
a layer or plate of an insulating material in intimate contact with the hollow sheet.
9. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein the inner channels have a width between 4 mm and 6 mm and a height between 4 mm and 6 mm.
10. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein the upper wall of the hollow sheet, has a thickness less than 1 mm.
11. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein a supplementary insulating plate is placed against the lower wall of the hollow sheet.
12. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 11 , wherein the supplementary insulating plate is a hollow sheet.
13. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 11 , wherein the heat exchanger and the photovoltaic module are held in place by a frame, said frame comprising a pressure device so that the supplementary insulating plate is held against the lower wall of the hollow sheet such that the entire surface of the upper wall of the hollow sheet is pressed against the rear face of the photovoltaic module.
14. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 13 , wherein a layer of gel is placed between the heat exchange region and the photovoltaic module.
15. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein the lower wall of the hollow sheet has a thickness greater than the thickness of the upper wall.
16. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger and the photovoltaic module are held in place in a frame, the frame comprising a pressurer against the hollow sheet so that an entire surface of the upper wall of the hollow sheet is pressed against the rear face of the photovoltaic module.
17. A hybrid solar panel comprising:
a photovoltaic module comprising a front face and a rear face,
a heat exchanger arranged opposite the rear face of said photovoltaic module,
a cooling fluid circulating in said heat exchanger in such a way as to recuperate heat of said photovoltaic module,
the heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange region arranged beneath said photovoltaic module and wherein the cooling fluid flows, which fluid flows between an inlet zone and a discharge zone of the heat exchanger,
the heat exchanger comprising inner channels extending over an entire surface of the exchange region,
the heat exchange region being formed by a double-walled hollow sheet, the hollow sheet being a single piece structure, wherein the hollow sheet comprises an upper wall and a lower wall extending between two lateral ends of the hollow sheet, and wherein cells are arranged between the two lateral ends of the hollow sheet, and the cells are in the form of adjacent inner channels, the adjacent inner channels being in fluidic communication with the inlet and discharge zones,
wherein:
the lateral ends of the hollow sheet are blocked, the lateral ends and two longitudinal edges delimiting the hollow sheet,
the hollow sheet comprises a first opening arranged in the lower wall thereof, the first opening leading into each of the inner channels to place in fluidic communication each channel with the inlet zone, and the hollow sheet comprises a second opening provided in the lower wall thereof, the second opening leading into each of the inner channels to place in fluidic communication each channel with the discharge zone,
each of the first and second openings have a rectangular shape extending along a width of the hollow sheet parallel to the blocked lateral ends and perpendicularly to the longitudinal edges of the hollow sheet,
the inlet and discharge zones are in the form of collectors placed along the lower wall of the hollow sheet at the first and second openings, such that the upper wall of the hollow sheet lies flat over the entire surface thereof; and
the collectors extend downwardly from the lower wall of the hollow sheet.
18. The hybrid solar panel according to claim 17 , wherein the lower wall of the hollow sheet extends along a lower wall plane and the collectors extend downwardly from the lower wall plane.
19. A method of manufacturing a hybrid solar panel according to claim 1 , comprising:
blocking the lateral ends of the hollow sheet so as to seal the inner channels,
arranging an opening at each lateral end of the lower wall of the hollow sheet such that each said opening leads into each of the channels,
pressing the upper wall of the hollow sheet against the rear face of the photovoltaic module,
holding the hollow sheet in position against the photovoltaic module,
installing a collector at each of the first and second openings, wherein the collectors form respectively an inlet zone and a discharge zone,
connecting the collectors to a cooling fluid supply circuit such that the fluid flows from the inlet zone to the discharge zone.
20. The method of manufacturing according to claim 19 , further comprising:
holding the hollow sheet in position against the photovoltaic module by way of a frame, said frame comprising a pressurer so that the supplementary insulating plate is held against the lower wall of the hollow sheet such that the entire surface of the upper wall of the hollow sheet is pressed against the rear face of the photovoltaic module.
21. The method of manufacturing according to claim 19 , further comprising:
blocking the lateral ends of the hollow sheet by any one or more of the following processing methods: melting-pressing process toward an interior of the hollow sheet; adding material and gluing; welding; laser; vibration; or
compressing heat-sealing.