Thermal lensing electrode in thermoelectric generators for improved performance
Exemplary thermoelectric devices and methods are disclosed herein. Thermoelectric generator performance is increased by the shaping isothermal fields within the bulk of a thermoelectric pellet, resulting in an increase in power output of a thermoelectric generator module. In one embodiment, a thermoelectric device includes a pellet comprising a semiconductor material, a first metal layer surrounding a first portion of the pellet, and a second metal layer surrounding a second portion of the pellet. The first and second metal layers are configured proximate to one another about a perimeter of the pellet. The pellet is exposed at the perimeter. And the perimeter is configured at a sidewall height about the pellet to provide a non-linear effect on a power output of the thermoelectric device by modifying an isotherm surface curvature within the pellet. The device also includes a metal container thermally and electrically bonded to the pellet.
1. A thermoelectric device, comprising:
a pellet comprising a semiconductor material;
a first metal layer surrounding a first portion of the pellet;
a second metal layer surrounding a second portion of the pellet, wherein the first and second metal layers are configured proximate to one another about a perimeter of the pellet, wherein the pellet is exposed at the perimeter, and wherein the perimeter is configured at a sidewall height about the pellet to provide a non-linear effect on a power output of the thermoelectric device by modifying an isotherm surface curvature within the pellet; and
a metal container thermally and electrically bonded to the pellet through a bonding material, wherein the metal container provides a thermal lensing electrode structure, wherein the first metal film and the pellet comprise beveled edges proximate to the perimeter of the pellet to electrically isolate the first and the second metal layers from one another.
2. The thermoelectric device of claim 1 , wherein:
the isotherm surface curvature within the pellet is operable to increase an effective surface area of a thermoelectric effect within a volume of the pellet via heat injection through the sidewalls.
3. The thermoelectric device of claim 1 , wherein:
the first and the second metal layers are electrically isolated from one another.
4. The thermoelectric device of claim 1 , wherein:
the first and second metal layers comprise a higher thermal conductivity than the pellet.
5. The thermoelectric device of claim 4 , wherein:
at least one of the first and the second metal layers comprises copper.
6. The thermoelectric device of claim 1 , wherein:
at least the pellet and the second metal layer are configured in a shape that is operable to increase a thermal lensing effect of the thermoelectric device.
7. The thermoelectric device of claim 6 , wherein:
the shape is a cuboid.
8. The thermoelectric device of claim 6 , wherein:
the shape is a cylinder.